基于麦克风阵列的二维声音定位系统 Two-dimensional sound localization system based on microphone array 中文摘要本课题设计并构建了一个二维声脉冲标记系统，能够检测其附近任何地方的尖锐声音，并使用基于伺服的指针精确标记其源向量。本系统具有完整的 360 度范围，非常有效地将尖锐声音源标记在 0.03度精度范围内。并能够使用 3 麦克风阵列和 51 单片机微控制器实现这一目标，该微控制器可检测麦克风之间的声学延迟并计算声音的源向量。麦克风信号通过声音采集系统，以便将它们转换为二进制信号，指示它们中的每一个是否被声音触发。分析这 3 个二进制信号的时间延迟，微控制器选择最好的 2 个麦克风来计算声音产生的确切角度。然后控制伺服电机，使其完全沿该方向转动指针。根据时间延迟探测麦克风之间的时间差。空中声音的速度大约为 340m/s，这足以测量使用 51 单片机微控制器的偏移麦克风之间的时间延迟。测量了 3 个麦克风的时间延迟，并使用基本的三角学来计算声音产生的角度。为了在视觉上标记声音源，系统控制一个中央安装的伺服电机，该电机旋转指向声源的指针。关键词：麦克风阵列；步进电机；51 单片机 AbstractA two-dimensional acoustic pulse marking system is designed and constructed, which can detect sharp sounds anywhere near it, and accurately mark its source vector using a servo-based pointer. Our system has a full 360-degree range and is very effective at marking sharp sound sources to within 0.03 degree accuracy. We were able to achieve this using a 3-microphone array and a 51 microcontroller microcontroller which detects the acoustic delay between the microphones and calculates the source vector of the sound. The microphone signals pass through an 8-level analog system to convert them into binary signals, indicating whether each of them is triggered by sound. Analyzing the time delay of these 3 binary signals, the microcontroller selects the best 2 microphones to calculate the exact angle of the sound produced. Then control the servo motor to turn the pointer ...
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