中考必考语法-----被动语态一．概念：英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。当主语是动作的执行者时用主动语态（某人做某事）；当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态（某事被某人做）Eg:（主动语态）我们每天说英语。WespeakEnglisheveryday.（被动语态）英语每天被我们说。Englishisspokenbyuseveryday.二．构成：结构例句一般现在时：am/is/are+done____Ourclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.我们的教室每天都被我们打扫。一般过去时：____________________一般讲来时：____________________含情态动词的被动语态：____________________三.被动语态几种特殊形式：1.主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省to的动词原形，变成被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。Eg:(主动语态)Mymothermademedohouseworkyesterday.（被动语态）Mymother_________________dohouseworkyesterday.2.主动表被动：1）系动词feel,look,smell,taste；2）动词sell,cut,drive,wash,clean,write,open,lock等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，主语通常是物。Eg:1)你的主意听起来很好：_______________________.2)我的钢笔写起字来流畅。Mypenwrites________.3.表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,runout,giveout,cometrue等以主动形式表被动意义。Eg:自从08年株洲发生了很大的变化。_____________________________.4.下列结构中的V-ing表被动意义：1)sthneed/want/requiredoing相当于sthneed/want/requiretobedone;2）beworthdoing值得做某事Eg:1）这辆自行车需要修理。_____________________________2)这本书值得读。______________________________四．练习1）历年真题：1.---MayIuseyourcup,Tom?(2011.长沙)---Sorry,it______bymysisterjustnow.A.wasbrokenB.isbrokenC.broke2.---DoesshelikesingingEnglishsongs?（2013.长沙）---Yes.She_____tosingEnglishsonginherroom.A.oftendoesB.isoftenheardC.oftenhears3.Doyouknowwhenthefirsttrain_____inChina?(2013.株洲)A.wasproducedB.isproducedC.produced4．Ihearthatanotherbiglibrary_____intheirschooltwoyearsago.(2013.湘潭)A.willbebuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuilt5.Anewlibrary______inourschoollastyear.（2013.岳阳）A.isbuiltB.wasbuiltC.built6．---Isbasketballoneofthemostpopularsportsintheworld?(2013.郴州)---Yes.It_____byover100millionpeopleinmorethan200countries.A.playsB.isplayingC.isplayed7．---LinTao,whyareyoustillhere?Theyarereadytoleave.(2013.张家界)---I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.didn’ttellB.haven’ttoldC.wasn’ttold8．Tea_____bytheEmperorShenNong,andnowit’sverypopularintheworld.(2013.怀化)A.inventedB.inventingC.wasinvented9．---Yourcitylooksbeautiful.(2012.长沙)---Yes.Manybridges______lastyear.A.arebuiltB.builtC.werebuilt10.Thelightintheroom______beforeyouleave.(2013.衡阳)A.mustturnoffB.willturnoffC.mustbeturnedoff11.Marydidn’tgotoJone’sbirthdaypartybecauseshe___________.（2011.株洲）A.wasn’tinvitedB.didn’tinviteC.isn’tinvited2）14年中考预测题：1.---Theskirtlooksdifferentfromothersanditisnice.---Thanks.It________bymymotherlastmonth.A.madeB.ismadeC.wasmade2.----DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?----No,I_________.A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.didn’tinvite3.Smoking_______here.A.isn’tallowedB.doesn’tallowC.aren’tallow4.TherewasabigearthquakeinSichuan,butluckilymanypeople________.A.saveB.aresavedC.weresaved5.Teenagers____________todrive.A.shouldallowB.shouldbeallowedC.allow6.Manytrees_________inourcitylastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.wereplanted7.Thetelephone________in1876.A.hasbeeninventedB.wasinventedC.isinvented8.English_________bystudentseverymorning.A.isreadB.arereadC.wasread9.TheOlympicsports____________(hold)everyfouryears.10.---Who’sthelittleboyinthephoto,Susan?---It’sme.Thisphoto_____________(take)tenyearsago.11.Ournewschool___________(build)nextyear.12.Todaylotsofinformationcan____________(receive)online.13.Thestudents___________(teach)howtodobetterinclassyesterday.14Zhuzhou____________(know)tobeagoodplacefortravelingtoday.
