2015IYPT(28届)赛题（中英文）1.PackingThefractionofspaceoccupiedbygranularparticlesdependsontheirshape.Pournon-sphericalparticlessuchasrice,matches,orM&M’scandiesintoabox.Howdocharacteristicslikecoordinationnumber,orientationalorder,ortherandomclosepackingfractiondependontherelevantparameters?1、填充物颗粒状的粒子根据它们的形状会填满部分空间。将一些非球状粒子如：米粒、火柴、或M&M’s巧克力豆倒入盒中。像配位数、取向序、随机密堆积率这样的特性取决于哪些相关参数？2.PlumeofSmokeIfaburningcandleiscoveredbyatransparentglass,theflameextinguishesandasteadyupwardstreamofsmokeisproduced.Investigatetheplumeofsmokeatvariousmagnifications.2、烟缕燃烧的蜡烛被透明玻璃容器所遮罩，火焰熄灭后会产生一股稳定的上升烟雾。研究在不同放大倍数下的烟缕。3.ArtificialMuscleAttachapolymerfishinglinetoanelectricdrillandapplytensiontotheline.Asittwists,thefibrewillformtightcoilsinaspring-likearrangement.Applyheattothecoilstopermanentlyfixthatspring-likeshape.Whenyouapplyheatagain,thecoilwillcontract.Investigatethis‘artificialmuscle’.3、人造肌肉将一根化纤鱼线缠绕在电钻上并系紧。当电钻旋转时，纤维将会以弹簧状排列紧紧地缠绕。加热线圈使其永久固定成弹簧状。当你再次加热时，线圈就会收缩。研究这种“人造肌肉”。4.LiquidFilmMotorFormasoapfilmonaflatframe.Putthefilminanelectricfieldparalleltothefilmsurfaceandpassanelectriccurrentthroughthefilm.Thefilmrotatesinitsplane.Investigateandexplainthephenomenon.4、液膜电机在一个平面框架内形成一个肥皂膜。将其放入一个方向与膜表面平行的电场内，并让一股电流通过这薄膜。这个薄膜会在其平面内会发生转动。研究并解释这个现象。5.TwoBalloonsTworubberballoonsarepartiallyinflatedwithairandconnectedtogetherbyahosewithavalve.Itisfoundthatdependingoninitialballoonvolumes,theaircanflowindifferentdirections.Investigatethisphenomenon.5、两只气球向两只橡胶气球里充气使其部分膨胀并用一根带有阀门的软管连接在一起。会发现气体流动方向会根据初始气球体积变化。研究这个现象。6.MagnusGliderGluethebottomsoftwolightcupstogethertomakeaglider.Windanelasticbandaroundthecentreandholdthefreeendthatremains.Whileholdingtheglider,stretchthefreeendoftheelasticbandandthenreleasetheglider.Investigateitsmotion.6、马格努斯滑翔机将两个轻质的杯子底部粘在一起制成一个滑翔机。在其中心位置卷绕一根弹性橡皮筋并握住其自由端。握住这个滑翔机，利用橡皮筋的弹力将滑翔机弹出去。研究这个运动。7.ShadedPolePlaceanon-ferromagneticmetaldiskoveranelectromagnetpoweredbyanACsupply.Thediskwillberepelled,butnotrotated.However,ifanon-ferromagneticmetalsheetispartiallyinsertedbetweentheelectromagnetandthedisk,thediskwillrotate.Investigatethephenomenon.7、屏蔽磁极将一个非铁磁性金属盘放在一个由交流电源供电的电磁体上。圆盘将被排斥但不会旋转。然而，如果将一个非铁磁性金属板部分插在电磁体和金属盘之间，圆盘则会旋转。研究这个现象。8.SugarandSaltWhenacontainerwithalayerofsugarwaterplacedabovealayerofsaltwaterisilluminated,adistinctivefingeringpatternmaybeseenintheprojectedshadow.Investigatethephenomenonanditsdependenceontherelevantparameters.8、糖和盐当一个盐水层在上，糖水层在下的容器被光照射时，会在投射阴影区看到一个特别的指进图案。研究这个现象和相关因素。9.HovercraftAsimplemodelhovercraftcanbebuiltusingaCDandaballoonfilledwithairattachedviaatube.Exitingaircanliftthedevicemakingitfloatoverasurfacewithlowfriction.Investigatehowtherelevantparametersinfluencethetimeofthe'low-friction'state.9、气垫船将一张CD和一个充满气的气球通过一根管子相连接，可以制成一...
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