人机工程学课程设计说明书公交扶手设计课程人机工程学设计专周姓名叶超学号年级2010级专业工业设计专业2013年7月5日目录一、设计任务及设计内容·································3二、分析产品结构数据································4~9三、人机工程设计计划表·····························9~12四、市场调研·····································12~141)产品使用人群·····························································122)尺寸特点·····························································12~133)特性··································································13~14五、设计草图方案··································15~181)方案一···································································152)方案二···································································153)方案三································································15~16六、设计方案评估··································18~19七、产品效果图及设计工程图··························20八、确定制造材料·····································21九、效果图优化·······································21十、排版·············································21摘要：乘坐公交车是百姓出行首选的交通方式，随着人民生活水平的不断提高，经济的飞速发展，城市建设也在发生着翻天覆地的变化，我国大部分城市市区人口密集，城市以公共交通为主体。城市公交车辆已成为全国大中型客车的主要市场和各大中型客车生产企业群雄逐鹿的大舞台。人们对公交车的性能、技术水平、乘座舒适性、车内装置、环保等都提出了较高的要求。关键词：城市公交、扶手、人机工程学、改良、人性化一、设计任务及设计内容就目前而言，公交车的设计还没有让人们感到满意，特别是在车内扶手这一方面。公交车乘客经常要保持站姿，站立的乘客要抓住扶手或者横杆。目前，我国常有关于公交车扶手横杆高度不当给乘客带来不便的报道。本文主要以公交车扶手作为主要研究对象，观察其所存在的一些使人们不满意之处，并提出一些建议作为参考。二、分析产品结构数据2.1公交车扶手的人机工程学设计车辆人机工程学是人机工程学在地面机动车辆这一特定领域的应用分支，它以人(包括驾驶员和车内乘员)一车一环境系统为对象，以改善驾驶员的劳动条件和车内乘员的舒适性为核心，以人的安全、健康、舒适、高效为目标，使整个系统的总体性能达到最优。2.2设计背景随着城市化进展，越来越多的市民坐公交车出行，而公交车内环境缺少人机设计，由此带来了很多问题，扶手设计是比较明显的一方面。公交车扶手的设计需要考虑两方面问题：1．不碰头；2．舒适抓握。很多市民都有体会，交通高峰时公交车几乎车车爆满，坐公交车简直就是苦行修炼，其中体会最深的是抓不到扶手，没有扶手可抓，所以有必要探讨下公交车扶手如何设计才能更好的为市民服务。本文通过分析人机工程学中人体相关尺寸及乘客使用扶手的习惯，本文提出了公交车扶手的人机工程学设计。2.3设计对象分析扶手是公交车内饰主要部件，不仅因为其...
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