非谓语动词非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化.不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式TodoTobedone动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式Tobedoing与谓语动作同时发生完成式TohavedoneTohavebeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeingdone与谓语动作同时发生完成式HavingdoingHavingbeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeingdone与谓语动作同时发生完成式HavingdoneHavingbeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前一．不定式不定式的作用：主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式的时态语态的意义1、不定式的时态（1）一般式：有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。如：Ihopetoseeyouagain.（2）完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如：I’msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.（3）进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如：Heseemstobeeatingsomething.（4）完成进行式：表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去。如：Sheisknowntohavebeenworkingontheproblemformanyyears.2、不定式的语态当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，就用被动式。如：HeaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet.Heissaidtohavebeenpraised.练习：1.passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried2.Thatistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reduce3.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebankpresentsformydad.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought4.Myjobwastowashbottles,whichwouldthenbefilledwithwine,orthefilledbottlesinboxes.A.toputB.puttingC.havingputD.beingput5.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______，butIamgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.A.tobeheard.B.tobebearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard6.Heisbelieved________thecollegeexam,forheisnowstudyingveryhardnow.A.topassB.tohavepassedC.passD.thathecanpass7.Anumberofpaintingsinthecastlearebelieved________inafire.A.beingdestroyedB.havingbeendestroyedC.tobedestroyedD.tohavebeendestroyed8.Youweresillynot_______yourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked9.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only______thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told10.Itissillyofmealleggsinonebasket.ThatwastheworstmistakeI’veevermake.A.toputB.tohaveputC.puttingD.havingput二．动名词动名词的作用：主语宾语表语定语动名词的时态语态的意义1.动名词的时态（1）一般式：动名词的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在之后。如：Weareinterestedinplayingchess.Shedreamsofbecomingateacher.（2）完成式：动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如：Hewaspraisedforhavingfinishedtheworkaheadoftime.I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.若动名词的逻辑主语为动名词的动作承受者，动名词用被动语态。如：Heescapedbeingkilledinthebattle.Irememberhavingbeentoldastory.Thankyouforcoming.练习：分词的作用：表语定语状语补语非谓语动词分词的时态语态的意义
