摘要《麦田里的守望者》是美国著名作家塞林格的代表作，被誉为“第二次世界大战结束到今天的美国文学中的两部‘现代经典’著作之一”。小说以主人公霍尔顿考尔﹒菲尔德自叙的语气讲述了自己被学校开除后在纽约城游荡大约两昼夜的经历和精神感受。它不仅生动细致地描述了一个不安现状的中产阶级子弟的苦闷仿徨、孤独愤世的精神世界，刻画了一个处于青春期少年矛盾百出的情绪特征，也批判了成人社会的做作和虚伪。接着本文探讨了主人公霍尔顿对追求理想纯真世界的悲剧性结局，以及为什么他与他的同学、社会甚至他的父母之间格格不入。霍尔顿是个性洛复杂、自我矛盾的青少年代表。他有一颗纯净善良、追求美好生活和崇高理想的童心。当他对理想的纯真世界的追求需要面对无情的现实时，霍尔顿不得不面对各种困惑，并因此他生活在困境之中。他把自己处于了一种极度心理状态。这篇论文将使用拉康的镜像理论家庭、学校、社会三个方面来分析主人公霍尔顿在面临成长困惑的同时完成自我认同的过程。关键词：镜像理论；矛盾；自我认同燕山大学本科生毕业论文AbstractTheCatcherintheRyeistheUnitedStatesisfamouswriterSalinger'smasterpiece,itisknownas"oneofthetwomodernclassicworksofAmericanliteraturefromtheendofthesecondWorldWartopresent".TheCatherintheRyetellsastoryofHoldenCaulfield'sownexperiencesandspiritualexperiencesinNewYorkCityafterhewasexpelledfromschool.ItnotonlyvividlydepictsHolden’sspiritualworldwhichisfulloftheanguishstraying,lonelycynical.Thiskindofpsychologicalcharacteristicsofadolescentsofcontradictions,alsocriticizedtheaffectationoftheadultsocietyandhypocrisy.Thethesisthenprobesintothetragicendingoftheprotagonist’squestfortheidealinnocentworldandthereasonwhyhecouldnotbeacceptedbyhisclassmates,thesocietyandevenhisownparents.HoldenCaulfieldistheepitomeofacomplexandcontradictorypersonality.Hehasapureandgoodchildishness,andhechasesabetterlifeandloftyideal.Whenhispursuitoftheidealinnocentworldconfrontstheheartlessreality,Holdenhastofacethebewildermentandliveinpredicament.Heabandonedhimselfintoanambivalence.ThisthesiswillusethemirrorstagetheoryofLacantoanalyzetheprocessoftheprotagonistHolden'sself-identificationinthefaceofthecontradictorypsychologyofgrowingconfusionfromthreeaspects:family,school,andsociety.Keywords:themirrorstage;ambivalence;self-identificationChapterOneIntroduction1.1AbriefintroductionofTheCatcherintheRyeandSalingerandHoldenandtheinfluenceTheCatcherintheRyewaswrittenbytheAmericanwriterJeromeDavidSalinger.Whenhewas15yearsold,hewassenttoanarmyschool.WhenhewasinNewYork,hebegantowritesomenovels.ThisnovelisSalinger’stheonlyonefull-lengthnovel,anditthisregardedasoneoftheAmericanclassicalnovelin20century.In1951,SalingerpublishedTheCatcherintheRyeafterworkingonitadecade.Whenitwaspublished,itbecameabestsellerinashortperiodoftime.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,readingTheCatcherintheRyeisasimportantasgettingtheaffirmationfromyourteacherwhenyougraduateinAmericanatthattime.Salingerhimselfremainedfrom1951to1963themostpopularAmericaFictionwriteramongserioushighschoolandcollegestudents.Sincethen,itinfluencedthiskindofcomposing.TheCatcherintheRyerecoveredthenewfashionstyleinwriting,andmanypeoplecalleditSalinger’speriod.AnditwasregardedasSalinger’sautobiography.Thisnovelmainlydescribeda16-year-oldhighschoolstudentcalledHoldenCaulfieldleftschoolandwenttoNewYorkforthreedays.Thoughhewasaboyonly16yearsold,hewasalittlehigherthanthesameagestudentashim.Hehungintheschooldayandnight,andhedidn’tlikestudyingatall.Hehatedallthingsinschool,suchasteachers,classmates,bo...
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