等差等比数列教师版一、选择题1.已知等比数列}{na的公比为正数,且3a·9a=225a,2a=1,则1a=A.21B.22C.2D.2【答案】B【解析】设公比为q,由已知得22841112aqaqaq,即22q,又因为等比数列}{na的公比为正数,所以2q,故211222aaq,选B2.已知为等差数列,,则等于A.-1B.1C.3D.7【解析】 135105aaa即33105a∴335a同理可得433a∴公差432daa∴204(204)1aad.选B。【答案】B3.公差不为零的等差数列{}na的前n项和为nS.若4a是37aa与的等比中项,832S,则10S等于A.18B.24C.60D.90【答案】C【解析】由2437aaa得2111(3)(2)(6)adadad得1230ad,再由81568322Sad得1278ad则12,3da,所以1019010602Sad,.故选C4.设nS是等差数列na的前n项和,已知23a,611a,则7S等于()A.13B.35C.49D.63【解析】172677()7()7(311)49.222aaaaS故选C.或由21161315112aadaaadd,716213.a所以1777()7(113)49.22aaS故选C.5.等差数列{}na的前n项和为nS,且3S=6,1a=4,则公差d等于A.1B53C.-2D3【答案】:C[解析] 31336()2Saa且3112=4d=2aada.故选C6.已知na为等差数列,且7a-24a=-1,3a=0,则公差d=A.-2B.-12C.12D.2【解析】a7-2a4=a3+4d-2(a3+d)=2d=-1d=-12【答案】B7.等差数列{na}的公差不为零,首项1a=1,2a是1a和5a的等比中项,则数列的前10项之和是A.90B.100C.145D.190【答案】B【解析】设公差为d,则)41(1)1(2dd. d≠0,解得d=2,∴10S=1008.等差数列na的前n项和为nS,已知2110mmmaaa,2138mS,则mA.38B.20C.10D.9【答案】C【解析】因为na是等差数列,所以,112mmmaaa,由2110mmmaaa,得:2ma-2ma=0,所以,ma=2,又2138mS,即2))(12(121maam=38,即(2m-1)×2=38,解得m=10,故选.C。9.设na是公差不为0的等差数列,12a且136,,aaa成等比数列,则na的前n项和nS=()A.2744nnB.2533nnC.2324nnD.2nn【答案】A【解析】设数列{}na的公差为d,则根据题意得(22)22(25)dd,解得12d或0d(舍去),所以数列{}na的前n项和2(1)1722244nnnnnSn二、填空题10.设等差数列na的前n项和为nS,若972S,则249aaa=答案24解析na是等差数列,由972S,得599,Sa58a2492945645()()324aaaaaaaaaa.11.设等比数列{}na的公比12q,前n项和为nS,则44Sa.答案:15解析对于4431444134(1)1,,151(1)aqsqsaaqqaqq12.若数列{}na满足:111,2()nnaaanN,则5a;前8项的和8S.(用数字作答)答案225解析本题主要考查简单的递推数列以及数列的求和问题.属于基础知识、基本运算的考查.1213243541,22,24,28,216aaaaaaaaa,易知882125521S,∴应填255.13.设等比数列{na}的前n项和为ns。若3614,1ssa,则4a=×答案:3解析:本题考查等比数列的性质及求和运算,由3614,1ssa得q3=3故a4=a1q3=314.设等差数列na的前n项和为nS,若535aa则95SS解析na为等差数列,9553995SaSa答案915.等差数列na的前n项和为nS,且53655,SS则4a解析 Sn=na1+12n(n-1)d∴S5=5a1+10d,S3=3a1+3d∴6S5-5S3=30a1+60d-(15a1+15d)=15a1+45d=15(a1+3d)=15a4答案31三、解答题16.设nS为数列{}na的前n项和,2nSknn,*nN,其中k是常数.(I)求1a及na;(II)若对于任意的*mN,ma,2ma,4ma成等比数列,求k的值.解(Ⅰ)当1,111kSan,12)]1()1([,2221kknnnknknSSannnn()经验,,1n()式成立,12kknan(Ⅱ)mmmaaa42,,成等比数列,mmmaaa422.,即)18)(12()14(2kkmkkmkkm,整理得:0)1(kmk,对任意的Nm成立,10kk或17.设数列{}na的通项公式为(,0)napnqnNP.数列{}nb定义如下:对于正整数m,mb是使得不等式n...