摘要对于企业的财务管理来说，其偿债能力是能够反映出企业财务风险、现金流量控制、财务管理水平等多方面信息的综合指标。对于企业偿债能力进行分析，能够给企业经营者和投资者提供更加可靠的企业经营信息，便于经营者和投资者做出正确的决策。现如今随着我国改革开放的不断深化，市场起到了在资源配置中的决定性作用。在市场经济的条件下，同行业间的竞争日趋激烈。通过对企业偿债能力的分析，可以考察企业持续经营的能力和风险。偿债能力的好坏与企业对财务状况的好坏有紧密联系。本文以上海宝山钢铁股份有限公司为研究对象基于财务管理和偿债能力分析的理论和研究方法，对上海宝山钢铁股份有限公司2015年-2018年的短期负债能力和长期负债能力进行分析研究，主要通过比率分析、趋势分析、结构分析。比率分析即是对各个计算出的比率指标进行分析，同时选择了相同规模的钢铁上市公司进行同行业指标进行横向对比；趋势分析是对企业纵向的比较。其次，提取该公司近三年来主要财务数据，计算短期偿债能力与长期偿债能力这两类指标，分析企业偿债能力强弱以及变化趋势，提出改善企业偿债能力的有效建议与措施，帮助企业得以更好发展。关键词：上海宝山钢铁；偿债能力；财务管理AbstractForthefinancialmanagementofanenterprise,itssolvencyisacomprehensiveindexthatcanreflectthefinancialrisk,cashflowcontrol,financialmanagementlevelandotheraspectsofinformation.Theanalysisofthedebtpayingabilityofenterprisescanprovidemorereliableinformationofbusinessoperationforbusinessoperatorsandinvestorsandfacilitatethemtomakecorrectdecisions.Nowadays,withthedeepeningofChina'sreformandopeningup,themarketplaysadecisiveroleinresourceallocation.Undertheconditionofmarketeconomy,thecompetitionamongthesameindustryisincreasinglyfierce.Throughtheanalysisoftheenterprise'sdebtpayingability,wecanexaminetheenterprise'sabilityandriskofcontinuingoperation.Thequalityofdebtpayingabilityiscloselyrelatedtothefinancialstatusofenterprises.ThispapertakesShanghaibaoshanironandsteelco.,ltd.astheresearchobject.Basedonthetheoriesandresearchmethodsoffinancialmanagementandsolvencyanalysis,itanalyzesandstudiestheshort-termdebtcapacityandlong-termdebtcapacityofShanghaibaoshanironandsteelco.,ltd.from2015to2017,mainlythroughratioanalysis,trendanalysisandstructureanalysis.Ratioanalysisistoanalyzethecalculatedratioindicators,andchoosethesamescaleofsteellistedcompaniesforthesameindustryindicatorsforhorizontalcomparison;Trendanalysisisaverticalcomparisonofenterprises.Secondly,majorfinancialdataofthecompanyinthepastthreeyearswereextracted,short-termsolvencyandlong-termsolvencywerecalculated,thestrengthandtrendofcorporatesolvencywereanalyzed,andeffectiveSuggestionsandmeasurestoimprovecorporatesolvencywereproposedtohelpthecompanydevelopbetter.KeyWords:Baosteel;debtrepaymentcapacity;financialmanagement目录绪论................................................................................................................................................1（一）问题的提出.............................................................................................................................11.研究背景.....................................................................................................................................12.研究目的及意义..........................................................................................................................1(二)国内外研究现状及其评述.......................................................................................................21.国外研究现状...................
