基于单片机的早产儿育婴箱设计摘要早产儿是指出生37周以前的婴儿。他们中大多数体重不足2500g,头围小于33cm。与足月婴儿相比,器官功能和对环境的适应性较差,因此,对早产儿进行特殊护理非常重要。随着二胎政策的全面开放,高龄产妇的数量逐渐增加,导致早产儿的出生率逐渐增多此外,现代工业造成的环境污染也导致早产儿数量逐年增加。因此,有必要为早产儿设计一个育儿箱。目前,我国早产儿的出生率在5%~10%,每年约有1500万早产儿出生,早产的死亡率为12.7%~20.8%,这是一个非常巨大的数据。自20世纪90年代以来,许多发达国家对早产儿的发育给予了特别关注,早产儿育婴箱的年投资也非常大。但由于医疗水平和能力的限制,我国早产儿护理研究滞后于其他国家。在照顾早产儿的过程中,最重要的医疗设备是育婴箱,在早产儿在出生后会立马上放入育婴箱中,直到身体的各项指标恢复到健康水平状态,大多数时间都会生活在育婴箱中。对于医务人员来说,照顾早产儿的大多数工作都是在育婴箱内完成的。在发达国家育婴箱的研究和设计是非常重要的。与一些落后地区相比,我国对早产儿的护理还处于刚刚起步的阶段。因此,设计一种成本低、操作简单、功能完善的婴儿育婴箱就显得越来越重要。本设计中,以微控制器为核心,通过为控制器对传感器数据采集,数据处理,数据分析,输出执行等功能。处理过的数据通过显示器显示,通过三总线的方式来采集当前温湿度值,采集后的信息可以通过按键设置当前适宜温度,如果没有达到设定温湿度值,则蜂鸣器报警。单片机内部定时器来控制喂养和换尿布的时间。关键字:早产儿,育婴箱,微控制器ITheDesignofPrematureInfantNurseryBoxBasedonSingleChipMicrocomputerABSTRACTPrematurebabiesarebabiesborn37weeksago.Mostofthemweighlessthan2,500gandhaveaheadcircumferenceoflessthan33cm.Comparedwithfull-terminfants,organfunctionandenvironmentaladaptabilityarepoor,sospecialcareforprematureinfantsisveryimportant.Withthefullopeningofthetwo-childpolicy,thenumberofoldermothershasgraduallyincreased,leadingtoanincreaseinthebirthrateofprematureinfants.Inaddition,environmentalpollutioncausedbymodernindustryhasalsoledtoanincreaseinthenumberofprematureinfantsyearbyyear.Therefore,itisnecessarytodesignanurseryboxforprematureinfants.Atpresent,thebirthrateofprematureinfantsinChinaisbetween5%and10%.Thereareabout15millionprematureinfantsborneveryyear.Themortalityrateofprematureinfantsis12.7%-20.8%.Thisisaveryhugedata.Sincethe1990s,manydevelopedcountrieshavepaidspecialattentiontothedevelopmentofprematurebabies,andtheannualinvestmentinbabyboxesforprematurebabiesisalsoverylarge.However,duetothelimitationofmedicallevelandability,thenursingresearchofprematureinfantsinChinalagsbehindthatinothercountries.Intheprocessofcaringforprematureinfants,themostimportantmedicalequipmentisthenurserybox,whichwillbeputintothenurseryboximmediatelyafterbirthuntilalltheindicatorsofthebodyreturntothestateofhealth,andwillbasicallyliveinthenurserybox.Formedicalstaff,mostofthenursingworkforprematureinfantsisdoneinthenurserybox.Indevelopedcountries,theresearchanddesignofnurseryboxesareveryimportant.Comparedwithsomebackwardareas,thenursingofprematureinfantsinChinaisstillinitsinfancy.Therefore,itismoreandmoreimportanttodesignalowcost,simpleoperationandperfectfunctioninfantnurserybox.Inthisdesign,microcontrolleristakenasthecore,throughwhichthefunctionsofsensordataacquisition,dataprocessing,dataanalysis,outputexecutionarerealized.Theprocesseddataaredisplayedonthedisplay,andthecurrenttemperatureandhumidityvaluesarecollectedbythreebuses.Thecollectedinformationcansetthecurrentappropriatetemperaturebykeys.Ifthesettemperatureandhumid...