1/10化学化工专业英语答案第九章长句练习课后习题答案•1、Thetwopairsofelectronsofoxygenmaybesharedwith,onecarbonaloneformingadoublebond,orwithtwoseparatecarbons,orwithonecarbonandonehydrogenformingonlysinglebonds.-译文:氧上的两对电子可与一个碳共用而形成双键,也可与两个不直接相连的碳原子共用形成单键,也可与一个碳原子和氢原子分别形成单键。(相当于三个并列句,顺译法)•2、[Although]organicchemistryJsmorethan150yearsold,itsprogressjsfasterthanever,[astheresultofnewtheoreticalconceptsandexperimentaltechniquesfromotherareasofscience・]•译文:尽管有机化学的历史已超过年,但由于其它领域内不断涌现出新的理论与实验技术,有机化学的发展速度比以往任何时候都要快。(倒译法,把引导的状语从句提前)•3、Thesynthesisoforganiccompoundsinvolvesconversionofavailablesubstancesofknownstructure,throughasequenceofparticular,controlledchemicalreactions,intoothercompoundsbearingadesiredmolecularstructure・-译文:有机化合物的合成是将已知结构的物质,通过特定的、可控制的化学反应,转化为含有目标分子结构的其它化合物。2/10(顺译法)•4、Itisfrequentlycarriedoutbytreatingthehydrocarbonwithamixtureofnitricacidandsulphuricacidofcertainconcentrationatsometemperaturesuitablefortheparticularnitration.-译文:对烃类物质的处理通常是将硝酸与硫酸按一定浓度比例混合后,于适合的特定温度下进行硝化。(将某一部分作为谓语)•5、Thealternatedoublebondarrangementinthesixcarbonringisthecharacteristicofaromatichydrocarbonsandisresponsibleforthecharacteristicpropertiesofthistypeofcompounds.-译文:六碳原子环上双键的交替排列是芳香烃的特征,这种结构可解释芳香烃的主要性质。(顺译法,难点在后面一句,必须意译)•6、TotaldeterminationofstructureisalsopossiblebymeansofX-raydiffraction,sothattheclassicalgoalofstructurestudies-ascertainingtherelativespatialpositionsofalltheatomsinanymolecule-canbereadilyandroutinelyattained・-译文:由于通过X-射线衍射也可对结构进行全面测定,因此我们可以很方便地达到结构研究的传统目标——确定任意分子中所有原子的相对空间位置。(分译法,不够完美)•7、Ontheotherhandithaslongbeenthepracticetoattemptthesynthesisofnaturalproductsinthelaboratoryoncetheirstructureshadbeendetermi3/10ned・-译文:换句话说,一旦天然产物的结构被确定,人们就一直试图在实验室中将其合成出来。(倒译法,把状语提前)•8、Manyman-madesubstancesarereplacingcertainnaturalmaterials[becauseeitherthequantityofthenaturalproductcannotmeetourever-increasingrequirement,or,moreoften,becausethephysicalpropertiesofthesyntheticsubstance,(whichisthecommonnameforman-madematerials),havebeenchosen,andevenemphasized,sothatitwouldbeofthegreatestuse[inthefield(inwhichitistobeapplied)]].-译文:许多人造物质正在取代天然物质,因为一方面天然产物的数量不能满足不断增长的需求量,更多情况下是合成产物(通常情况下将其称为人造材料)的物理性质已被选择性加强,因此人造材料将在其应用领域内发挥出最大用途•9、Valuablesolventvaporscarriedbyagasstreammayberecoveredforreusebywashingthegaswithanappropriatesolventforthevapors・-直译:气流中有回收价值的溶剂蒸气可用针对蒸气的恰当溶剂洗涤来进行回收。-倒译:采用适当的溶剂对蒸气进行洗涤,可回收出气流中有回收价值的原溶剂蒸气。•10、Atequilibrium,thesetworateareequal;cupricionisstillreactingwithammoniamoleculestoformthecomplex,andthecomplexisstilldeco4/10mposing,butjustasmuchcupricammoniacomplexisbeingdecomposedinunittimeasisbeingformed・-在平衡态,两种速率相等;铜离子仍然在与氨分子形成络合物,络合物仍然在分解,但单位时间内分解的铜氨络合...