汽车空气动力学仿真VehicleAerodynamicsSimulation张扬军ZhangYang-Jun清华大学汽车工程系应用空气动力学组汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室AppliedAerodynamicsGroup,DeptofAutoEng.,TsinghuaUniv.StateKeyLabofAutomotiveSafetyandEnergyVehicleAerodynamicsSimulation汽车空气动力学仿真123456汽车空气动力学概述汽车空气动力学仿真特点汽车空气动力学仿真难点汽车空气动力学仿真平台仿真平台(VASS应用总结与展望123456IntroductiontoRoadVehicleAerodynamicsSomeSalientFeaturesofRoadVehicleFlowSimulationMainDifficultiesofRoadVehicleFlowSimulationVehicleAerodynamicsSimulationSystem(VASSVASSApplicationsConclusionsandOpenFeatures1汽车空气动力学概述1.1空气动力学对汽车性能的影响1.2汽车空气动力学性能1.3汽车空气动力学特点1.4空气动力学研究方法IntroductiontoVehicleAerodynamics1.11.21.31.4VehicleAttributesAffectedbyAerodynamicsVehicleAerodynamicsCharacteristicsPeculiaritiesofRoadVehicleAerodynamicsMethodsforVehicleAerodynamic1.1空气动力学对汽车性能的影响VehicleAttributesAffectedbyAerodynamics动力性经济性舒适性安全性美观性Maximumspeed&AccelerationFuelEconomyComfortSafetyVisibility1.2汽车空气动力学性能VehicleAerodynamicsCharacteristics气动力气动力矩油耗、操纵稳定性流场结构流动机理、气动噪声、雨水流动、尘土堆积aerodynamicforceandmomentcoefficientsfueleconomy,handlingstabilityflowstructureflowmechanism,aerodynamicnoise,rainwater,dustaccumulating1.2汽车空气动力学性能VehicleAerodynamicsCharacteristics冷却散热器、发动机、制动器和差速器冷却通风与换气进出风口位置、风量、风速及风路，除结雾性能coolingradiator,engine,brake,anddifferentialcoolingventilation&air-exchangeproperlylocateopeningsforairinletsandoutlets,airflowrate,velocity,airflowpath,defrosting,etc.1.2汽车空气动力学性能VehicleAerodynamicsCharacteristics空气动力分量阻力升力侧向力侧倾力矩横摆力矩纵倾力矩相关的动力性能油耗、最高车速、加速行驶稳定性抗侧风能力(侧移抗侧风能力(侧移抗侧风稳定性行驶稳定性力力矩airforcecomponentsairdragairforcesliftsideforcerollingmomentyawingmomentpitchingmomentperformancefueleconomy,topspeed,accelerationdirectionstabilitycrosswindcrosswindcrosswinddirectionstabilitymoment1.3汽车空气动力学特点VehicleAerodynamicspeculiarities研究空间有限目标多元化无法量化比较流动复杂manydetailsprimarilydeterminedby“otherthanaerodynamic”argumentstheobjectivesofaerodynamicsdifferingwidelydifficulttobequantifiedforweighingtherelativeimportancecomplexflow1.3汽车空气动力学特点VehicleAerodynamicspeculiarities研究空间有限车身设计主要由机械工程学、人体工程学和美学等决定，外形和车内空气动力学设计优化的研究与应用均仅能在有限的机动空间中进行manydetailsprimarilydeterminedby“otherthanaerodynamic”argumentsWiththeracecarbeingtheonlyexception,theshapeofaroadvehicleisnotprimarilydeterminedbytheneedtogeneratespecificaerodynamiceffects--as,forinstance,anairplaneisdesignedtoproducelift1.3汽车空气动力学特点VehicleAerodynamicspeculiarities无法量化比较汽车空气动力学优化设计与控制研究需考虑艺术、时尚和喜好。而艺术、时尚和喜好与气动性能的重要性是无法具体量化比较的。difficulttobequantifiedforweighingtherelativeimportanceWhiletheprocessofweighingtherelativeimportanceofasetofneedsfromvariousdisciplinesisgenerallycomparabletothatinotherbranchesofappliedfluidmechanics,thesituationinvehicleaerodynamicsisuniqueinthatanadditionalcategoryofargumentshastobetakenintoaccount:art,fashion,andtaste.Incontrasttotechnicalandeconomicfactors,theseadditionalargumentsaresubjectiveinnatureandcannotbequ...
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