此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。伯恩斯在华盛顿大学圣路易斯分校2020毕业典礼上的英语演讲稿ChancellorWrighton,membersoftheBoardofTrusteesandtheAdministration,distinguishedfaculty,Classof1965,hard-workingstaff,myfellowhonorees,proudandrelievedparents,calmandserenegrandparents,distractedbutsecretlypleasedsiblings,ladiesandgentlemen,boysandgirls,graduatingstudents,goodmorning.Iamdeeplyhonoredthatyouhaveaskedmeheretosayafewwordsatthismomentousoccasion,thatyoumightfindwhatIhavetosayworthyofyourattentiononsoimportantadayatthisremarkableinstitution.Ithadbeenmyintentionthismorningtoparceloutsomegoodadviceattheendoftheseremarks–the"goodness"ofthatbeingofcoursesubjectiveintheextreme–butthenIrealizedthatthisisthelandofMarkTwain,andIcametotheconclusionthatanycommentarytodayoughttobeframedinthesublimeshadowofthisquoteofhis:"It'snotthattheworldisfulloffools,it'sjustthatlighteningisn'tdistributedright."……;MoreonMr.Twainlater.Iaminthebusinessofhistory.Itismyjobtotrytodiscernsomepatternsandthemesfromthepasttohelpusinterpretourdizzyinglyconfusingandsometimesdismayingpresent.Withoutaknowledgeofthatpast,howcanwepossiblyknowwhereweareand,mostimportant,wherewearegoing?OvertheyearsI'vecometounderstandanimportantfact,Ithink:thatwearenotcondemnedtorepeat,astheclichégoesandwearefondofquoting,whatwedon'tremember.That'saclever,evenpoeticphrase,butnotevenclosetothetruth.Noraretherecyclesofhistory,astheacademiccommunityperiodically此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。promotes.TheBible,Ecclesiastestobespecific,gotitright,Ithink:"Whathasbeenwillbeagain.Whathasbeendonewillbedoneagain.Thereisnothingnewunderthesun."Whatthatmeansisthathumannatureneverchanges.Oralmostneverchanges.Wehavecontinuallysuperimposedourcomplexandcontradictorynatureovertherandomcourseofhumanevents.Allofourinherentstrengthsandweaknesses,ourgreedandgenerosity,ourpuritanismandourprurienceparadebeforeoureyes,generationaftergenerationaftergeneration.Thisoftengivesustheimpressionthathistorydoesrepeatitself.Itdoesn't.Itjustrhymes,MarkTwainissupposedtohavesaid……;buthedidn't(moreonhimlater).Overthemanyyearsofpracticing,Ihavecometotherealizationthathistoryisnotafixedthing,acollectionofprecisedates,factsandevents(evencogentcommencementquotes)thatadduptoaquantifiable,certain,confidentlyknown,truth.Itisamysteriousandmalleablething.Andeachgenerationrediscoversandre-examinesthatpartofitspastthatgivesitspresent,andmostimportant,itsfuturenewmeaning,newpossibilitiesandnewpower.Listen.FormostofthefortyyearsI'vebeenmakinghistoricaldocumentaries,IhavebeenhauntedandinspiredbyahandfulofsentencesfromanextraordinaryspeechIcameacrossearlyinmyprofessionallifebyaneighborofyoursjustuptheroadinSpringfield,Illinois.InJanuaryof1838,shortlybeforehis29thbirthday,atall,thinlawyer,pronetoboutsofdebilitatingdepression,addressedtheYoungMen'sLyceum.Thetopicthatdaywasnationalsecurity."Atwhatpointshallweexpecttheapproachofdanger?"heaskedhisaudience."……;Shallweexpectsometransatlanticmilitarygiant此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。tosteptheEarthandcrushusatablow?"Thenheansweredhisownquestion:"Never.AllthearmiesofEurope,Asia,andAfrica……;couldnotbyforcetakeadrinkfromtheOhio...
