迎接2012高考专项复习阅读简答题英语科阅读简答着重考查学生用英语获取信息、处理信息与用英语进行思维和表达的能力。理解是答题的前提和保证，读不懂文章就谈不上解答提问。理解作为基础固然重要，但文字表达能力才是成败的关键。要做好此题，必须具备良好的表达能力，善于归纳概括有效信息，表达时不能超过题目规定的字数。湖南高考阅读简答题特点:失分原因1．答非所问。2．忽略答题要求。不同类型的问题要用不同形式的回答。例如：就目的提问，答案要用for短语或不定式；就原因提问，答案应用becauseof短语或because从句；提问词是what时，要用名词，名词性短语或名词性从句来回答。3．忽略字数限制。可采用一些小技巧进行形式上的浓缩。4．语法和语言形式误用。阅读简答题中极易犯的错误，主谓不一致、词汇搭配不当、时态与原文不对应、句型使用不当、拼写错误、大小写、标点符号误用等。解题步骤1.正确理解原文。理解是基础。是答题的前提和保证。2.快速定位原句。在略读的基础上，根据题干中的关键字，在原文中快速定位答题信息。3.准确表达句意。①“简洁准确”。②“原文优行”。③“语法正确”。压缩信息常见的解决方法有：1．短语单词化Wearenotinfavorofsmokinginpublicplaces.→We're__________smokinginpublicplaces.Itistimetoputanendtoracialdiscrimination.→Itistimeto______racialdiscrimination.解题技巧点拨againstend2．句子短语化Thegirlwhohadbeencaughtstealingwassetfreeatlast.→Thegirl______________wassetfreeatlast.Whilehewasreadingthebook,heheardaloudnoise.→_____________________，heheardaloudnoise.caughtstealingReadingthebook3．符号替代法OnedollarandeightysevencentswasallDellahadsaved.→_______wasallDellahadsaved.Jack'sapartmentisonehundredandTwosquaremeters.→Jackhasanapartmentof________.$1.87102m24．间接替代法Chinaaswellassomeothercountrieswon'tthreatenanyothercountry,foritneverhastheintentiontoinvadeothercountries.→A____________countrylikeChinawon'tbethreatening.Thejudgepunishedthosewhohaddriventoofastbyfining200yuaneach.→Those____________driverswerepunishedbythejudge.peacelovingoverspeeding5．转换法(1)词语替代法。此法是指用词性相同的同义词，近义词或同义词组，反义词组对原句的某些成分进行简单的替代，而句子的结构保持不变。IsMeimeiathome?→IsMeimei_____?inAnideasuddenlycametomymind.→Anideasuddenly_____________________.occurredtome(2)词类转换法。此法是指利用某些派生词或词性相异的词组来替代原句中的某些成分，这时句子结构会发生变化。Therainwasveryheavylastnight.→_____________________lastnight.Itrainedheavily(3)合并分句法。Heisanewteacher.HeiscalledSunJun.→Heisanewteacher________SunJun.Thewomanisournewdirector.Sheiswearingredclothes.→Thewoman_________isournewdirector.calledinred(4)句型转换法。句型转换是句子类别的转换，它要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。①比较状语从句句型转换：最高级＝比较级＋thananyother/theother…＝noother＋原级as…LiLeiistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.→LiLeiis_________________inhisclass.thetalleststudent②状语从句与不定式转换Thelittlegirlwassotiredthatshecouldn'tgofarther.→Thelittlegirlwas_______________________.Thebearwantstoclimbthetreeinorderthatitcangettheappleonit.→Thebearwantstoclimbthetree_____________gettheappleonit.tootiredtogofartherinorderto③宾语从句与不定式转换Weallhopethatwewillbeabletoplaygamesonthesportsfield.→Weallhope_________gamesonthesportsfield.toplay④从句转换Hewillmissthetrainifhedoesnottakeataxi.→Hewillmissthetrain______hetakesataxi.unless⑤从句与分词、动名词转换WhenIwasgoingshoppingyesterday,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.→_____________yesterday,Imetanoldfriendofmine.Isuggestthatyoushouldphoneyourauntbeforeturningupatherhouse.→Isuggest______________yourauntbeforevisitingherhouse.Goingshoppingyourcalling
