北师版初中英语教材Topicstructure初一上1.meetingpeoplebe:is,am,arearticle:a\an2.familiesverb:have,like;肯定，否定，疑问；whose---；this,thatthese,those;连词：and,but,or3.housesandhomesTherebe;Howmany----arethere?表地点的介词；祈使句4.foodIs\arethere---+any;verb:need,wouldlike;Thereis\are+alittle,alot,afew;可数及不可数名词；Howmuch----there?5.sportsandgamescan表能力和可能；肯定，否定及疑问句；noneofus,allofthem;someofyou6.schoollifeprep:between,nextto,opposite;一般现在时，第三人称单数；Do\Does初一下7.routines一般现在时表常规生活；频率副词；表时间的介词；by+交通方式8.seasonsandclothes现在进行时；描述天气，活动及某人的穿着9.peopletobe+adj.;表肯定和否定的祈使句10.inthepastBe:was\were;Therewas\were;后面接日期的时间介词11.vacations一般过去时；规则和不规则动词；adv:first,then,later12.China一般时态复习；tobeinthepast;do\does初二上1.初二下7.livingtogether动词不定式和动名词，一般现在时，反身代词8.transportationcould\beableto\must\mustn’t\haveto\don’thaveto9.goodhealthshouldandshouldn’t祈使句，it’s----to10.jobsandchoresalready,just,yet引导的现在完成时11.workingwithanimalsever,never,for,since引导的现在完成时12.westernchinareview初三1.learningtolearn条件状语从句once,if,unless,连词，复合句2.lifeinthefuturewill表预测，will引导的一般和特殊疑问句，3.themedia比较级和最高级4.inventionsandinventor现在，过去，将来的被动，情态动词被动，bemadeof\from5.englishandEnglish-speakingcountries定语从句，反意疑问句，感叹句6.thespritofsports过去完成时和过去将来时7.storytelling原因，让步，时间和结果状语从句8.keepingsafe祈使句，被动语态，haveto\don’thaveto\mustn’t\should’t字母的读音字母发音字母发音字母发音字母发音Aa/ei/Hh/eit∫/Oo/əʊ/Vv/vi:/Bb/bi:/Ii/ai/Pp/pi:/Ww/dʌblju:/Cc/si:/Jj/dʒei/Qq/kju:/Xx/eks/Dd/di:/Kk/kei/Rr/ɑ:/Yy/wai/Ee/i:/Ll/el/Ss/es:/Zz/zed/Ff/ef/Mm/em/Tt/ti:/Gg/dʒi:/Nn/en/Uu/ju:/三．现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进行区分，常把音标放在[]或者//里。48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。元音：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流在通过口腔时，不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。1、单元音：长元音：[ɑ:][ɔ:][ɜ:][i:][u:]短元音：[ʌ][ɒ][ə][ɪ][ʊ][e][æ]2、双元音：[aɪ][eɪ][aʊ][əʊ][eə][ɪə][ʊə][ɔɪ]辅音：辅音音标28个分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。清辅音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][ʃ][tʃ][tr][ts][h]浊辅音：[b][d][g][v][z][ð][ʒ][dʒ][dr][dz][m][n][ŋ][l][r][j][w]四．五个元音字母的常见发音Aa1.namelakecake[eɪ]2.pastlastclass[ɑ:]3.dadbadhave[æ]Ee1.heshethese[i:]2.bedeggred[e]Ii1.likebikekind[aɪ]2.ispigdish[ɪ]Oo1.homeoldpotato[əʊ]2.dogmomsock[ɒ]Uu1.usecutesuperman[ju:]2.funsunlunch[ʌ]3.bluefruitclue[u:][p]potpigputpeoplepianopotato[b]bookbagbigjobbearbutbrother[t]toothteacherteatabletasktell[d]dogdigduckdaddoubleday[k]cakekeepcatcupcap[g]grandpagirlgreengoodgod[f]fatherfatfootfullfit[v]fiveveryventdrivevary[s]smallstudybusyesmust[z]jazzzoozeroclotheszig[θ]eighthforthtentheleventhninth[δ]thosethesethatthisthere[ʃ]cashbushshakeshoeship[ʒ]measurepleasureleisure[tʃ]chairchickenlunchchange[dʒ]jackjobjoke[tr]treetrucktrain[dr]dressdrinkdrain[ts]studentscoatscats[dz]bedsoddscodes[m]mummoonmorning[n]moonnutneedle[ŋ]inklinkring[h]hellohurryhey[l]lookleglake[r]rainradioroom[w]windowwakeweek[j]yellowyesyou单元音(12个)：[e]yesyellowbedpen[æ][a:]arecarfar[ʌ]cutnutbutmothercolor[ɔ]potgotdog[ɔ:]calltallor[ə:]curtainfurtherfur[ɝ]（实为类似3的字符）motherfarmerdoctor[i]inkbigpig[i:]jeepteaeat[u]goodbooklookcook[u:]coolzootoolcooler双元音（8个）：[ei]agedaymakedate[ai]icebikenicekite[ɔi]toyoilboy[əu]oldjokegold[au]cloudmouthcow[eə]airfairchair[iə]earnearyear[uə]curedurepuresure
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