非金属单质（F2,CI2,02,S,N2,P,C,Si）1,氧化性：F2+H2===2HFF2+Xe（过量）===XeF22F2（过量）+Xe===XeF4nF2+2M===2MFn（表示大部分金属）2F2+2H20===4HF+022F2+2Na0H===2NaF+0F2+H20F2+2NaCI===2NaF+CI2F2+2NaBr===2NaF+Br2F2+2NaI===2NaF+I2F2+CI2（等体积）===2CIF3F2（过量）+CI2===2CIF37F2（过量）+12===2IF7CI2+H2===2HCI3CI2+2P===2PCI3CI2+PCI3===PCI5CI2+2Na===2NaCI3CI2+2Fe===2FeCI3CI2+2FeCI2===2FeCI3CI2+Cu===CuCI22CI2+2NaBr===2NaCI+Br2CI2+2NaI===2NaCI+I25CI2+I2+6H20===2HI03+10HCICI2+Na2S===2NaCI+SCI2+H2S===2HCI+SCI2+S02+2H20===H2S04+2HCICI2+H202===2HCI+02202+3Fe===Fe30402+K===K02S+H2===H2S2S+C===CS2S+Fe===FeSS+2Cu===Cu2S3S+2AI===AI2S3S+Zn===ZnSN2+3H2===2NH3N2+3Mg===Mg3N2N2+3Ca===Ca3N2N2+3Ba===Ba3N2N2+6Na===2Na3NN2+6K===2K3NN2+6Rb===2Rb3NP2+6H2===4PH3P+3Na===Na3P2P+3Zn===Zn3P22．还原性S+O2===SO2S+O2===SO2S+6HNO3（浓）===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O3S+4HNO3（稀）===3SO2+4NO+2H2ON2+O2===2NO4P+5O2===P4O10（常写成P2O5）2P+3X2===2PX3（X表示F2,CI2,Br2）PX3+X2===PX5P4+20HNO3（浓）===4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2OC+2F2===CF4C+2CI2===CCI42C+O2（少量）===2C0C+O2（足量）===C02C+CO2===2COC+H2O===CO+H2（生成水煤气）2C+SiO2===Si+2CO（制得粗硅）Si（粗）+2CI===SiCI4（SiCI4+2H2===Si（纯）+4HCI）Si（粉）+O2===SiO2Si+C===SiC（金刚砂）Si+2NaOH+H2O===Na2SiO3+2H23,（碱中）歧化CI2+H2O===HCI+HCIO（加酸抑制歧化,加碱或光照促进歧化）CI2+2NaOH===NaCI+NaCIO+H2O2CI2+2Ca（OH）2===CaCI2+Ca（CIO）2+2H2O3CI2+6KOH（热，浓）===5KCI+KCIO3+3H2O3S+6NaOH===2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O4P+3KOH（浓）+3H2O===PH3+3KH2PO211P+15CuSO4+24H2O===5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO43C+CaO===CaC2+CO3C+SiO2===SiC+2CO二，金属单质（Na,Mg,AI，Fe）的还原性2Na+H2===2NaH4Na+O2===2Na2O2Na2O+O2===2Na2O22Na+O2===Na2O22Na+S===Na2S(爆炸)2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H22Na+2NH3===2NaNH2+H24Na+TiCI4(熔融)===4NaCI+TiMg+Cl2===MgCl2Mg+Br2===MgBr22Mg+O2===2MgOMg+S===MgSMg+2H2O===Mg(OH)2+H22Mg+TiCI4(熔融)===Ti+2MgCI2Mg+2RbCI===MgCI2+2Rb2Mg+CO2===2MgO+C2Mg+SiO2===2MgO+SiMg+H2S===MgS+H2Mg+H2SO4===MgSO4+H22AI+3CI2===2AICI34AI+3O2===2AI2O3(钝化)4AI(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O===2(AI2O3.xH2O)+4Hg4AI+3MnO2===2AI2O3+3Mn2AI+Cr2O3===AI2O3+2Cr2AI+Fe2O3===AI2O3+2Fe2AI+3FeO===AI2O3+3Fe2AI+6HCI===2AICI3+3H22AI+3H2SO4===AI2(SO4)3+3H22AI+6H2SO4(浓)===AI2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O(AI,Fe在冷，浓的H2SO4,HNO3中钝化)AI+4HNO(稀)===AI(NO3)3+NO+2H2O2AI+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAIO2+3H22Fe+3Br2===2FeBr3Fe+I2===FeI2Fe+S===FeS3Fe+4H2O(g)===Fe3O4+4H2Fe+2HCI===FeCI2+H2Fe+CuCI2===FeCI2+CuFe+SnCI4===FeCI2+SnCI2(铁在酸性环境下,不能把四氯化锡完全还原为单质锡Fe+SnCI2==FeCI2+Sn)三，非金属氢化物(HF,HCI,H2O,H2S,NH3)1,还原性:4HCI(浓)+MnO2===MnCI2+CI2+2H2O4HCI(g)+O2===2CI2+2H2O16HCI+2KMnO4===2KCI+2MnCI2+5CI2+8H2O14HCl+K2Cr2O7===2KCl+2CrCl3+3Cl2+7H2O2H2O+2F2===4HF+O22H2S+3O2（足量）===2SO2+2H2O2H2S+O2（少量）===2S+2H2O2H2S+SO2===3S+2H2OH2S+H2SO4（浓）===S+SO2+2H2O3H2S+2HNO（稀）===3S+2NO+4H2O5H2S+2KMnO4+3H2SO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+5S+8H2O3H2S+K2Cr2O7+4H2SO4===Cr2（SO4）3+K2SO4+3S+7H2OH2S+4Na2O2+2H2O===Na2SO4+6NaOH2NH3+3CuO===3Cu+N2+3H2O2NH3+3Cl2===N2+6HCl8NH3+3Cl2===N2+6NH4Cl4NH3+3O2（纯氧）===2N2+6H2O4NH3+5O2===4NO+6H2O4NH3+6NO===5N2+6HO（用氨清除NO）NaH+H2O===NaOH+H24NaH+TiCl4===Ti+4NaCl+2H2CaH2+2H2O===Ca（OH）2+2H2H2S+Fe===FeS+H22NH3+2Na==2NaNH2+H2（NaNH2+H2O===NaOH+NH3）4，不稳定性：2HF===H2+F22HCl===H2+Cl22H2O===2H2+O22H2O2===2H2O+O2H2S===H2+S2NH3===N2+3H2四，非金属氧化物低价态的还原性：2SO2+O2===2SO32SO2+O2+2H2O===2H2SO4（这是SO2在大气中缓慢发生的环境化学反应）SO2+Cl2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HClSO2+Br2+2...
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