大连工业大学2013届本科生毕业论文摘要刺五加是我国东北地区典型的药用植物,有很高的营养价值。本实验以酿酒剩余的刺五加残渣中刺五加籽为原料,提取原花青素,增加刺五加的附加价值。本实验利用超声波辅助提取,从刺五加籽中提取原花青素,优化提取条件,并讨论光照、温度、常见金属离子对原花青素稳定性的影响。以原花青素的提取率为指标,通过单因素实验确立影响原花青素提取量的适宜条件,并通过正交实验确定提取的最佳条件。实验结果表明,原花青素提取的最佳工艺条件为:溶剂乙醇浓度为55%,刺五加籽和乙醇的料液比为1:50,超声时间为25min,超声功率为480W,提取率最高,可以达到0.792%。原花青素对光较为敏感。当温度低于60℃时,稳定性较好;当温度超过60℃时,其稳定性较差。所以原花青素应在低温避光的条件下储存、加工。对于常见金属离子,Cu2+对原花青素的影响较大,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+对原花青素影响较小,因此在原花青素提取、精制和加工过程中应尽量避免Cu2+的使用。关键词:刺五加;原花青素;超声波;提取;稳定性I大连工业大学2013届本科生毕业论文AbstractAcanthopanaxisatypicalmedicinalplantinthenortheastofChina,withahighnutritionalvalue.ThisexperimentextractedproanthocyanidinsfromAcanthopanaxseedstoimprovetheAcanthopanaxvalue.UltrasonicwaveassistedextractionfromAcanthopanaxseedsandtheinfluenceoflight,temperatureandcommonmetallicionwerestudiedinthispaper.Withtheextractionratioasindex,theoptimalextractionconditionsweredeterminedbythesinglefactorandorthogonalexperiment.Intheultrasonicextractionexperiments,theresultsshowedthatthereactionconditionswereconcentrationofalcohol55%,solid-liquidratio1:35,ultrasonictime25min,ultrasonicpower480W,andextractionratioofproanthocyanidinswas0.792%.Proanthocyanidinsweresensitivetolight.Anditsstabilitywasbadwhenthetemperatureisover60.Soproanthocyanidinsshuoldbestored℃undertheconditionoflowtemperatureanddarkness.ProanthocyanidinshadgoodstabilityforK+,Ca2+,Mg2+,andbadforCu2+.SoitshouldavoidusingCu2+intheprocessofextractingandrefiningproanthocyanidins.KeyWords:Acanthopanax;proanthocyanidins;ultrasonic;extraction;stabilityII大连工业大学2013届本科生毕业论文目录摘要.................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................II第一章文献综述................................................................................................11.1刺五加研究进展..........................................................................................11.1.1刺五加概述.......................................................................................11.1.2刺五加的主要营养物质...................................................................11.1.3刺五加药理作用................................................................................21.2原花青素概述..............................................................................................31.2.1原花青素的化学结构.......................................................................41.2.2原花青素的理化性质.......................................................................41.2.3原花青素的生理功能.......................................................................51.2.4原花青素的测定...............................................................................71.2.5原花青素的应用...............................................................................81.3提取原花青素的方法......