Unit1Howdoyoustudyforatest知识要点总结现在完成时态⑴由have/has＋过去分词⑵表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果常与already,just,yet,ever,never连用Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet？你完成了你的工作了吗？Yes,Ihave.Ihavejustfinishedit.是的。我刚刚完成了。Ihavealreadyfinishedit.我已经完成了。HaveyoueverbeentoChina?你曾经去过中国吗？No,Ihaveneverbeenthere.没有，我从来也没有去过。⑶①表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for+时间段，since+时间点，或过去某一动作，以及howlong）②注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for,since引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词如：buy----havedie----bedeadjoin----beinborrow-----keepleave----beawayIhaveboughtapen.------Ihavehadapenfor2weeks.Thedoghasdied.-------Thedoghasbeendeadsincelastweek.⑷①have(has)beento+地点去过某地已经回来②have(has)goneto+地点去了某地没有回来③havebeenin+地点一直呆在某地没有离开过如：ShehasbeentoShanghai.她去过上海。(已经回来)ShehasgonetoShanghai.她去了上海。(没有回来)ShehasbeeninShanghaifor2days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)howtoswim怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what,which,how,where,when等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语。如：Thequestioniswhentostart.问题是什么时候开始。Idon’tknowwheretogo.我不知道去哪。系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look,feel,be,become,get,turn,smell,taste,stay(保持),kept等。连系动词除be和become等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：Theyareveryhappy.Hebecameadoctortwoyearsago.Shefeltverytired.词汇1.differentlyadv.differentadj.2.quickadj.quicklyadv.3.slowadj.slowlyadv.4.easyadj.easilyadv.5.friendn.朋友friendshipn.友谊6.importantadj.重要的unimportant不重要的7.learnv.学习learnern.学习者8.impressv.使感动impressedadj.感动的9.pronouncev.发音pronunciationn.发音10.helpv.帮助helpfuladj.有帮助的11.sciencen.科学scientistn.科学家12.happyadj.高兴的unhappyadj.不高兴的13.disagreementn.不同意见agreementn.同意disagreev.不同意agreev.同意短语、句型1.bydoing2.talkabout,talkto,talkwith3.提建议的句子4.alot,alotof,lotsof5.too…to…6.aloud,loud,loudly7.not…atall8.be/getexcitedaboutsth./doingsth.9.endupdoing10.firstofall,tobeginwith,lateron11.also,either,too12.makemistakes13.laughat14.takenotes15.enjoydoing16.nativespeaker17.makeup18.oneof…19.it’s+形容词+todosth.20.practicedoing21.decidetodo22.unless23.dealwith24.worryaboutsth./sb.25.beangrywithsb.26.perhaps,maybe27.goby28.seesb./sth.doing29.eachother30.regard…as…31.toomany,toomuch,muchtoo32.change…into…33.withthehelpofsb.34.compare…to…35.instead,insteadof36.tryone’sbesttodo37.lookup1.by+doing通过……方式如：bystudyingwithagroupby还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、”“经过”、“乘车”等如：Ilivebytheriver.Ihavetogobackbyteno’clock.Thethiefenteredtheroombythewindow.Thestudentwenttoparkbybus.2.talkabout谈论，议论，讨论如：Thestudentsoftentalkaboutmovieafterclass.学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talktosb.===talkwithsb.与某人说话3.提建议的句子：①What/howabout+doingsth.?如：What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon’tyou+dosth.?如：Whydon’tyougoshopping?③Whynot+dosth.?如：Whynotgoshopping?④Let’s+dosth.如：Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth.?如：Shallwe/Igoshopping?4.alot许多常用于句末如：Ieatalot.我吃了许多。alotof许多==lotsof许多常与名词连用5.too…to太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv.+to...
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