基于FPGA的RS-232串口通信控制器设计摘要串口是可以在使用一根线发送数据的同时用另一根线接收数据。串口通信协议也可以用于获取远程采集设备的数据。通过RS－232以实现计算机之间、计算机与设备之间相互通信，目前仍是通讯领域广泛使用的方法之一。几乎每台计算机都有一两个串行接口，用来与调制解调器、实验室设备、工控设备、POS终端等进行数据传输。RS-232以其方便、经济的实现特点，一直深受工程界的青睐。不论是在电力、工控还是电信、金融交通等诸多行业都有广泛的应用。系统主芯片采用RS-232串口通信控制器，由基本时钟发生电路模块，复位电路模块，波特率选择模块，数据帧格式选择模块，串并转换模块组成。经编译和仿真所设计的程序，在可编程逻辑器件上下载验证，结合FPGA技术高度灵活性与模块化的特点，实现基本RS-232总线通信的功能，以实现串口数据帧结构选择，串并转换，波特率选择等功能。通过软件仿真，得到功能的验证，并进行功能逻辑模块的整合，从而验证设计的可行性与可靠性。关键词：RS-232串口通信控制器；硬件描述语言；FPGAAbstractcommunicationsbetweenequipment,isstillwidelyusedmethodofcommunicationfield.Almosteverycomputerhasaserialinterface,usedandmodems,laboratoryequipment,industrialequipment,POSterminals,etcfordatatransmission.Withitsrs-five232convenient,economicalrealizationofengineeringcharacteristics,hasbeendeeplyfavored.Whetherinelectricpower,telecommunications,financialtrafficcontrolormanyindustrieshavewidelyapplication.Themasterchipadoptrs-five232serialcommunicationcontroller,thebasicclockcircuitmodule,resetcircuithappenedmodule,baudrate,dataframeformatselectionmodulechoicemodule,andconversionmodulecompositionstring.Thecompilerandsimulationdesignprogram,inprogrammablelogicdevicesonFPGAtechnology,combiningdownloadhighlyflexibleandmodularcharacteristics,basicRS-232fieldbuscommunicationfunction,inordertorealizetheserialdataframestructure,andtheconversionofchoice,baudrateetc.Function.Throughthesimulationtest,thefunctionandtheintegrationofthelogicalmodulefunction,whichverifiedthefeasibilityandreliabilityofthedesign.Keywords:RS-232serialcommunicationcontroller,Hardwaredescriptionlanguage,TheFPGA目录1绪论........................................................11.1选题背景................................................................................................11.1.1课题相关技术的发展..................................................................11.1.2课题研究的必要性......................................................................21.2课题研究的内容....................................................................................32FPGA及RS-232简介...........................................42.1FPGA概述.............................................................................................42.1.2FPGA基本结构..................................................................................62.1.3FPGA系统设计流程..........................................................................82.1.4FPGA开发编程原理.........................................................................112.2RS-232概述..........................................................................................122.2.1RS-232电气特性........................................................................132.2.2RS-232连接器的机械特性.......................................................132.2.3RS-232的接口信号...................................................................143RS-232串口通信控制器硬件设计方案...........................183...
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