推进社会制度演进,应该强化社会福利1中国地质大学(北京)现代远程教育本科毕业论文题目西方社会福利体系探究及借鉴意义英文题目学生签名:指导教师签名:2012年4月2中文摘要上世纪70年代以后,发达资本主义国家普遍面临着经济停滞局面,社会福利制度也陷入了重重困境。西欧发生“福利国家危机”,美国出现“福利困境”,日本惊呼21世纪年金制度将要“崩溃”,经济合作与发展组织发出了“福利国家在危机中”的警告。不仅是国外,近年来,我国的社会福利事业发展形势严峻,各种医疗、养老、社保等诸多问题引起社会矛盾加深,针对这些现象进行了调查研究,调查发现,西方社会福利结构存在较多问题,比如,。在各西方“福利国家”中,社会福利的各项开支在公共支出中所占的比例不断提高,与此同时,各国的经济增长速度普遍大幅度下降,有些国家甚至出现负增长,从而使社会福利支出与经济增长之间出现严重的失衡。另外,自上世纪80年代初期以来,西方各国政府的预算赤字都在不断增长。在这种情况下,各国政府都开始考虑要削减社会福利支出,改革社会福利制度。因此,针对这些问题,本文希望通过对西方社会福利制度的研究探索我国社会福利制度的建设道路,从而推动我国社会福利事业全面健康的发展。关键词:西方社会;社会福利制度;借鉴研究3目录引言··························第1页共16页·····································5第一章:西方社会福利制度的现状·····································6(一)西方国家社会福利制度的历史演变······························6(二)西方国家社会福利制度的基本内容······························61.社会保险制度·················································62.社会补助制度·················································63.教育、培训、住房、医疗等福利制度·····························6(三)社会福利、社会政策及社会保障的基本关系······················6第二章:西方社会福利制度的长处及存在的问题·························8(一)西方国家现行社会福利制度面临的问题··························81.公共开支比重大,政府财政负担加重·······························82.福利收益水平偏低··············································83.福利依赖严重··················································8(1)用“选择性原则”替代“普遍性原第2页共16页则····························8(2)明确社会福利享受者的权责关系,推行与就业相关联的激励制度·····8(3)加强社会服务体系建设,以减少公共开支·························8(二)西方国家福利制度的改革措施··································91、弱化政府在社会福利制度中的作用································92、增收节支······················································93、改进社会福利体系的受益规则,引入“工作福利”制度···············94、改善社会福利管理··············································95、调控社会福利基金的投资结构,加强社会福利基金的运营管理·········9第三章:西方社会福利制度的运行与改革给我们的启示··...