甲醇生产基础知识操作技术问答内蒙古庆华环保化学品有限责任公司2006.11.8前言甲醇是碳一化学的支柱产品，是重要的化工原料。碳一化学工业是指分子中含有一个碳原子的化合物（如CO、CO2、CH4、CH3OH、HCOOH、HCN）及其衍生体系为原料，以有机合成化学和催化化学为手段制造有机化工产品的化学工业的总称。固体原料煤炭，液体原料石脑油和渣油，气体原料天然气、油田气、焦炉气经部分氧化法或蒸汽转化法制得合成气，合成气的主要成份是CO和H2,CO加氢可制得甲醇，这就构成了碳一化工的基本原料。由于甲醇化学性质活泼，能生产有广泛用途的甲醇系列产品，世界各国都把甲醇作为碳一化学工业的重要研究领域。甲醇已成为新一代能源和重要的化工原料，生产一系列深加工产品，并成为碳一化工的突破口。今后，在世界石油资源紧缺的情况下，以煤为原料生产甲醇就有希望成为替代石油的洁净燃料、化工原料和二次能源。编写本书主要有如下特点：1.针对庆华煤化有限公司焦炉气制甲醇工艺，从甲醇合成、甲烷转化、焦炉气精脱硫、甲醇精馏的基本原料入手，着重介绍焦炉气制甲醇的生产特点。2.为便于操作工阅读，部分章节以问答形式，阐述甲醇生产的特点、原理及基本操作。3.从焦炉气制甲醇原料气的精制、转化、合成、精馏等工序，分别讲述生产原理、工艺流程、主要设备选型、操作方法及安全卫生等。我们编写本书的出发点在于：给初涉甲醇生产的操作人员及工程技术人员给予一定的启发及引导，并希望从中得到有益知识，且有助于上述人员技术水平的提高。但由于编者经验及时间有限，疏忽及遗漏之处在所难免、望读者给予指正，以励共勉。甲醇项目部2006-11-11目录第1章甲醇、甲醇工艺发展概况···································································································81.1甲醇·································································································································81.1.1甲醇的性质···················································································································91.2甲醇的用途和市场需求········································································································131.2.1用途··························································································································131.2.2市场需求····················································································································151.3国内、外生产现状··············································································································181.3.1国外生产技术概况········································································································181.3.2国内生产技术概况············...
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