民国时期的陕西小学教育研究摘要“国运兴衰,系于教育”，小学教育在国民教育中处于基础地位，它肩负着为更高一层次的学校和社会输送各类人才及提高国民素养并培养生活所必需的基本知识技能的重任，其所起的作用不言而喻，教育应当从小抓起。梁启超在《少年中国说》中强调“今日之责任，不在他人，而全在我少年”，由此可见小学教育的重要性。清末民国时期是我国学习西方教育模式，并逐步将西方学制本土化的初始阶段。在学习西方的背景下，我国小学教育得以产生与发展。回顾陕西近代小学教育的发展历程，既能让我们看到陕西教育近代化的历程，又能清晰反映陕西近代化的历程。关键词：陕西；民国时期；小学教育；影响1ABSTRACT"Theprosperityofacountrydependsoneducation".Primaryeducationisinafundamentalpositioninnationaleducation.Itshoulderstheresponsibilityofconveyingallkindsoftalentsforschoolsandsocietyatahigherlevelandimprovingnationalqualityandcultivatingbasicknowledgeandskillsnecessaryforlife.InYoungChina,LiangQichaoemphasizedthat"today'sresponsibilityliesnotinothersbutinmyyouth",whichshowstheimportanceofprimaryeducation.TheperiodofthelateQingDynastyandtheRepublicofChinawastheinitialstageforChinatolearnthewesterneducationalmodelandgraduallylocalizethewesterneducationalsystem.UnderthebackgroundoflearningfromtheWest,China'sprimaryeducationhasbeenbornanddeveloped.Revivingthedevelopmentcourseofmodernprimaryeducationinshaanxi,wecannotonlyseethecourseofshaanxieducationmodernization,butalsoclearlyreflectthecourseofshaanxieducationmodernization.Keywords：Shaanxi；TheRepublicofChina；Primaryschooleducation2目录摘要.....................................................................................................1ABSTRACT............................................................................................2引言.....................................................................................................4一、清末陕西小学教育的产生......................................................................5二、民国时期陕西小学教育的发展................................................................6(一)北洋政府时期陕西小学教育的初步发展.............................................................6(二)南京国民政府时期陕西小学教育的持续发展.......................................................91.小学教育的受挫与恢复阶段................................................................................92.小学教育的持续发展阶段.................................................................................11三、民国时期陕西小学教育的特点..............................................................12（一）地区发展不平衡...........................................................................................121.自然原因.......................................................................................................132.政治原因.......................................................................................................133.经济原因.......................................................................................................13（二）优选教师，提升能力....................................................................................14（三）培养学生全面发展.......................................................................................15（四）密切联系时代..............................................................................................161.推行教育救国.......................................
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