课外链接：京剧介绍BeijingOperacombinesmusic,acrobaticdance,andspectacularcostumestotellstoriesfromChinesehistoryandfolklore.Usingabstract,symbolicgesturesrichindramaticmeaning,actorsrepresentpersonagesfromtheheroic,divine,andanimalworlds,ofteninmartialexploits.Thetraditionalfeaturesofthemasklikemakeupandelaboratecostumesimmediatelyidentifythecharacterstoaknowingaudience.FourFamousDanActors四大名旦StagePropsinPekingOpera京剧道具TypesofFacialMake-upinBeijingOpera京剧脸谱RolesinBeijingOpera京剧的角色XipiandErhuang西皮和二簧WenchangandWuchang文场和武场PiaoYouandXiaHai票友和下海LongtaoandFigurant"龙套”和“跑龙套”Qiba“起霸”Liangxiang“亮相”京剧脸谱（Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas）简介(Introduction)：Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas,isaspecialfeatureofanationalcosmetic.Aseachhistoricalfigureoracertaintypeofpersonhasanapproximatespectraltype,likesing,playmusictothemusic,socalled“typesoffacialmakeupinoperas”.Onthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperassources,thegeneralviewisfrommask.Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperasarebasedoncertainpersonality,temperamentorsomespecialtypesoffiguresfortheuseofcertaincolors.RedhasexpressedhisWarriorsofstrongtypesoffacialmakeupinoperassuchasGuanYu,concubinesVictoria,regularbook;Blacksaidthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperasmingcriticizedpeople,integrity,braveryandevenreckless,suchasZhengandZhangFei,Li;Yellowtypesoffacialmakeupinoperasthatviciousbrutality,suchasYuChengdu,andDianWei.Blueorgreentypesoffacialmakeupinoperasthatsomeofthefiguresrepresentedirritable,suchasDouAmbassador,MaWu;Generaltreacherouscourtofficialsaidthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperaswhite,badguys,suchasCaoCao,Zhaohigher.Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperasofcolorpaintingmethods,basicallydividedintothreecategories:rubface,facetowel,differentfaces.Typesoffacialmakeupinoperasinitialroleisexaggeratedherrolewithstrikingplacesandfacetheveins,usingexaggeratedbytheperformanceofdramatispersonaeofpersonality,psychologicalandphysiologicalcharacteristics,andusingthistotheentiredramacircumstances,butLatertypesoffacialmakeupinoperasbyKantocomplex,fromroughtothesmall,Youbiaojili,fromshallowtodeep,itselfbecominganationofcharacteristics,tothefacialexpressionmeansforthepictorialarts.中文对照:)~京剧脸谱，是具有民族特色的一种特殊的化妆方法。由于每个历史人物或某一种类型的人物都有一种大概的谱式，就像唱歌、奏乐都要按照乐谱一样，所以称为“脸谱”。关于脸谱的来源，一般的说法是来自假面具。京剧脸谱，是根据某种性格、性情或某种特殊类型的人物为采用某些色彩的。红色有脸谱表示忠勇士义烈，如关羽、姜维、常遇春；黑色的脸谱表示刚烈、正直、勇猛甚至鲁莽，如包拯、张飞、李逵等；黄色的脸谱表示凶狠残暴，如宇文成都、典韦。蓝色或绿色的脸谱表示一些粗豪暴躁的人物，如窦尔敦、马武等；白色的脸谱一般表示奸臣、坏人，如曹操、赵高等。京剧脸谱的色画方法，基本上分为三类：揉脸、抹脸、勾脸。脸谱最初的作用，只是夸大剧中角色的五官部位和面部的纹理，用夸张的手法表现剧中人的性格、心理和生理上的特征，以此来为整个戏剧的情节服务，可是发展到后来，脸谱由简到繁、由粗到细、由表及里、由浅到深，本身就逐渐成为一种具有民族特色的、以人的面部为表现手段的图案艺术了。京剧在塑造人物方面有其独特的造型语言。它把不同性别、性格、年龄、身份的人物划分为不同的行当，一般说来有"生、旦、净、丑"四大行当。由于京剧人物造型形象鲜明、风格多样，有强烈的剧场效果，常常更易于激起观众的欣赏兴趣。生行京剧中的"生"，一般指剧中扮演男子的演员，其中又可细分为"老生"、"小生"...
