天然药物有效成分的微波连续提取技术东南医药生物工程技术研究所郭维图1温州神华轻工机械有限公司孙福平2摘要：天然药物有效成分提取长期以来一直采用水（醇）热回流提取和醇（水）沉，这种方法提取率低。为了加快中药提取的现代化进程，应用科技前沿技术，如超临界、超声波、微波浸提辅助技术及大孔径树脂、膜分离技术以及冷冻、喷雾和微波干燥相配套，组成一条技术先进又符合国情的生产线，这不啻是极为明智的选择。当前，中央把节约能源降低消耗、减少污染立为基本国策；国家中医药局提出“中药新产品开发以高效、优质、安全、稳定为目标。”同时指出：“中药工业生产工艺和工程化技术落后，缺乏标准化的专用制药工业装备.”本文着重介绍一种在植物提取物研究、生产中应用的微波连续提取装置。通过22个产品其中单方14个反复8个近300次试验证实，采用微波连续提取工艺不但可以节能、降耗、减排，还可以使中药提取物生产实现自动化、连续化，同时使提取率和有效组分含量大幅度得到提高，进而使中药实现规模化、产业化。这是我们克服重重困难，身体力行执行中央指示和国家中医药局提出的中医药发展战略目标所获得的成果，以此向国庆60周年献礼。关键词天然药物中药提取有效成分传统提取微波提取微波功率间歇连续节能减排降耗新技术装备规模化产业化现代化经济效益AbstractExtractingeffectiveingredientsofnaturaldrugsalwaysusesheatrefluxextractionandalcohol-precipitation,thesetraditionalextractionareinefficient.InordertoaccelerateChinesetraditionmedicineextractionrealizingmodernization,itisawisechoicethatusesthefrontierscienceandtechnologycomposingofaproductionlinewhichisadvancedtechnologicalandinconsonantwiththesituationofcountry,suchassupercritical,ultrasonic,microwaveextractioonassistivetechnologycombinedwithlargeapertureEastotacandmembraneseparationtechnique,refrigeration,sprayandmicrowavedrying.Thecentralgovernmentputenergysaving,lowerconsumptionandpollutionreductionasbasicnationalpolicy.NationalbureauofTCMproposethat‘NewChinesetraditionalmedicineproductdevelopmentshouldtakehighefficiency,excellentquality,saftyandsteadyastarget’.Atthesametime,NationalbureauofTCMalsopointoutthat‘Chinesetraditionalmedicinemanufacturingtechniqueisbackward,andlackofstandardizeddedicatedpharmaceuticalsindustrydevices’.Thisarticleintroducesasetofmicrowaveextractiondeviceusedinplantextractsresearchandproduction.Weused22kindsofmedicinewhichcontain14singleand8compoundmedicine,for300timesexperimentstotoverifythatusingmicrowaveectractioncontinuousproductionnotonlycanrealizeenergysaving,lowerconsumptionandpollutionreduction,butalsocanmakeextractingprocessrealizeautomationandserialization.Atthesametimeitcangreadlyimprovetheextractionefficiencyandactiveprinciplecontent,andthenbringaboutChinesetraditionalmedicinescaleandindustrialization.ThisistheachievementsthatweovercomenumerousdifficultiesanpractisethecentralgovementdirectivesandNationalbureauofTCMmedicinedevelopmentstrategicobjective.Forthisreason,wepresentitaspresentofNationalDay's60thanniversary.Keywordsnaturaldrugs,chinesetraditionalmedicine,extraction,activeingredients,traditionalextraction,microwaveextraction,microwavepower,interval,continuous,energy-saving,emissionreduction,consumptionreduction,newtechnique,equipment,scale,industrialization,modernization,economicbenefit.由于化学合成药的毒副作用，医源性、药源性疾病逐渐增多，其新产品研制成本越来越高，医疗费用成为患者不堪的重负。因此，人们冀望于一类毒性、副作用相对较小的治疗药物取代或部分取代化学药物。于是，人们将目光投向天然药物，实践证明，它具有疗效稳定、安全、毒副作用小及对一些疑难病...
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