龙源期刊网http://www.qikan.com.cn无民事行为能力人订立合同的效力作者:贵贺湧来源:《对外经贸》2020年第01期[摘要]民事行为能力的划分是民事主体有无资格进行民事法律行为的首要前提,我国现阶段将民事行为能力人划分为三个等级:完全,限制和无。完全民事行为能力人自不必说,对于后两种民事行为能力人的法律行为,《民法通则》58条规定,限制民事行为能力人依法不能独立实施的和无民事行为能力人实施的民事法律行为都是无效的。而《合同法》47条规定,限制行为能力人订立的合同,经法定代理人追认后,该合同有效。而对于无民事行为能力人的民事法律行为的效力却没有规定,那么是否参照适用《民法通则》58条的规定,全部认定无效。对于现实生活中的日常活动,是否全部无效?超出智力范围的行为,是否适用法定代理人的追认,还是全部无效?那么限制民事行为能力人超出智力范围的行为,却可以被法定代理人追认而有效,无民事行为能力人却不行。笔者试从比较法学和法经济学的角度对此问题进行研究和分析。[关键词]无民事行为能力人;合同效力;撤销权[中图分类号]D912.29[文献标识码]A[文章编号]2095-3283(2020)01-0126-04Abstract:Thedivisionofthecapacityforcivilconductistheprimarypremiseofthecivilsubjecthastherighttoconductcivillegalacts.Atthepresentstageofourcountry,thepersonwiththecapacityforcivilconductcanbedividedintothreelevels.ThefullcivilcapacityofpeoplesinceNeedlesstosay,thelegalcapacityforcivilconductaftertwo,"civillaw"provisionsofArticle58,limitedcivilcapacitycannotbeindependentlyimplementedandtheimplementationofnocapacityforcivilconductofthecivillegalactisinvalid.The"contractlaw"provisionsofArticle47,alimitthecapacityofpeopletocontractbythelegalagentuponratificationofthecontracteffective.Asfortheciviljuristicactsofthepersonwithoutcapacityforcivilconduct,thereisnoprovision,sowhetherornottoapplytheprovisionsofArticle58ofthegeneralprinciplesofcivillaw.Forreallifeactivities,areallinvalid?Beyondthescopeofintelligencebehavior,whetherforratificationofalegalrepresentative,orallinvalid?Thenthepersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconductbeyondthescopeofintelligencebehavior,itcanbeeffectiveandratificationbyhislegalagent,butnotapersonwithoutcapacityforcivilconduct.NowItryfromthecomparativelawandthelawandeconomicsperspectiveonthisissuealittlebookinmyopinion.Keywords:PersonWithoutCivilCapacity;ContractEffect;CancellationRight一、問题的提出