一. 转化法在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。1. 动词转化为名词Let me have a try. 让我试试。They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。2. 名词转化为动词He shouldered his way through the crowd.他用肩膀推开人群前进。The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。3. 形容词转化为动词We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。They tried to perfect the working conditions.他们努力改善工作条件。4. 形容词转化为名词He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。5. 形容词转化为副词How long have you lived there?你在那儿住多久了？6. 个别词在一定场合中可转化为名词Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。His argument contains too many ifs and buts.他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。二. 合成法由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法，合成的词叫做合成词。合成词一般看其词，知其意。1. 合成名词名词/代词+名词 newspaper blood-test she-wolf动词+名词 typewriter pickpocket daybreak形容词+名词 greenhouse highway 副词+名词 overcoat outside名词+v.-ing/v.-ing +名词 handwriting reading-room freezing-point动词+副词/ 副词+ 动词 breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome名词+介词+名词 sister-in-law editor-in-chief2. 合成形容词名词+形容词/形容词+名词 world-famous duty-free large-scale long- term副词+形容词 over-anxious evergreen名词+过去分词 man-made sun-burnt名词+现在分词 peace-loving English-speaking形容词+现在分词 good-looking easy-going副词+过去分词 well-informed widespread副词+现在分词 hardworking far-reaching形容词+名词+ed warm-hearted absent-minded数词+名词+ed three-legged ten-storied数词+名...
