安徽语法九 动词及动词短语考点一 常见易混动词辨析1 . spend/pay/cost/take 表示“花费”spend主语是人,指花费时间和金钱。 spend... on...; spend... (in) doing sth.pay主语是人,指花费金钱。 pay... for... =spend... oncost主语是物或某种活动,指花费金钱或其他代价。 sth. cost(s) (sb.) . ..take多用 it 作形式主语,指花费时间。 It takes sb. ... to do sth. = Sb. spend(s)... (in) doing sth.Mom never spends any money on herself. 妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week.你能借给我 12 块钱吗?我下周还你。It won't cost you a penny for the first six months. 开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。It took them three years to build this road. 他们用三年时间修完了这条路。2 . look/watch/see/read 表示“看”look看 ( 动作 ) ;可单独成句;look at...watch看 ( 电视、比赛 ) ;注视see看见 ( 结果 ) ;看望;理解 (I see.)read看 ( 书、报 ) ;读;读懂别人的内心★look 可以表示“看上去”,是感官系动词,后接形容词。★ 看病 ( 看医生 ) 用 see a doctor 表示。3 . speak/say/talk/tell 表示“说”speak发言;说 ( 某种语言 )say说 ( 内容 ) ;写有talk谈论; talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.tell告诉;讲述; tell sb. (not) to do sth.4. 感官系动词 look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起来 ( 视觉 )taste尝起来 ( 味觉 )sound听起来 ( 听觉 )feel摸起来 ( 触觉 )smell闻起来 ( 嗅觉 )5.borrow/lend/keep 表示“借”borrow借用; borrow sth. from sb.lend借给; lend sth. to sb.keep借用若干时间; keep... for 2 days6.hope/wish/expecthope希望; hope to to sth.; hope +that 从句wish但愿、希望; wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wish + that 从句expect期待、期望; expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.7.forget/leaveforget表示“忘记”时, forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用leave在表示“遗忘”时,通常要与表示地点的状语连用8.hear/listen/soundhear听见; hear +名词 ( 强调听的结果 )listen听; listen to ...