I摘 要二胎子女的到来，可能会引起家长在认知、情感与行为方面，以及头胎孩子情感与行为方面的改变，这对二孩家庭的教育有着至关重要的影响。基于此，本研究以宁德师范学院附属小学二、四、六年级的学生（ 200 余名）及家长（200 余名）为研究对象，通过问卷调查和访谈两种方式，对面临二胎孩子的到来其父母和长子女在认知、态度、行为和情感四个维度开展研究。研究表明二胎家庭的孩子普遍存在以下行为问题:长子女出现退行、退缩、暴怒发作、过度依赖等行为问题；造成以上问题，与绝大多数父母缺乏专业教育知识，而且时间与精力有限，导致与孩子之间缺乏情感的交流，以及父母在对孩子的教养方式也存在误区等有关系。其次长子女存在以自我为中心的保护意识，不安全依恋心理和嫉妒心理也是其出现行为问题的内因所在。为此，父母要提前预判二胎子女到来的前后问题；及时关注孩子的心理变化，均衡陪伴两个孩子的时间；多和孩子进行情感交流，创建和谐有爱的家庭环境。学校及教师也要转变教育思维；鼓励家长参与到学校的各项活动中；重视心理健康教育，积极开展与心理健康教育有关的专题活动。期待每个二孩家庭都能克服长子女的教育问题，共建温馨快乐的家庭环境。关键词：二胎时代；行为问题；积极干预；心理健康IIAbstractThe arrival of the second child may lead to changes in the cognition, emotion and behavior of the parents and the emotion and behavior of the first child, which has a vital impact on the education of the second child family. Based on this, this study took the second, fourth and sixth grade students (more than 200) and parents (more than 200) of primary school affiliated to Ningde Teachers College as the research objects, through the questionnaire survey and the interview way, carries on the research to face the second child arrival parents and the long child in the cognition, the attitude, the behavior and the emotion four dimensions. Studies have shown that children in second-born families generally have the following behavioral problems: withdrawal, withdrawal, and rage attacks The above problems are related...
