机床模具机械材料----------------------- -----------------------日期：附录英文原文Industrial Robot and its system’s componentsThere are a variety of definitions of the term robot. Depending on the definition used, thenumber of robot installations worldwide varies widely. Numerous single purpose muchines areused in manufacturing plants that might appear to be robots. These machines are hardwired toperform a single function and can not be reprogrammed to perform a different function. Suchsingle-purpose machines do not fit the definition for industrial robots that is becoming widelyaccepted. This definition was developed by the robot Institute ofAmerica:A robot is a reprogrammable muhifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts,tools, or specialized devices through variable progranmled motions for the perfommnce of avariety of tasks.Note that this definition cxmtalns the words reprograrnmable and multifunctional. It isthese two characteristics that separate the true industrial robot from the various single-purposemachines used in modern manufacturing firms. The term"reprogrammable"implies two things:The robot operates aec~)rding to a written program, and this program can be rewritten toacconlmodatc a variety of manufacturing tasks.The term"multifunctional"means that the robot can, through reprogramming and the use ofdifferentd-effectors, perform a number of different manufacturing tasks. Definitions writtenaround these two critical characteristics are becoming the accepted definitions amongmanufacturing professionals.The fimt articulated arm came about in 1951 and was used by the U.S. Atomic EnergyCommission. In 1954, the first programmable robot was designed by George Devol. It was basedon two important technologies:(1) Numerical cont...
