摘 要近年来,国内经济增长速度放缓,施工企业规模扩大, “两金”成为了这个行业的焦点问题。作为企业流动资产中重要的两部分,许多企业出现了“两金占比”持高不下的状态。这加大了企业的资金周转压力,影响运营质量,容易造成资金链断裂,不利于企业长久发展。因此,控制“两金占比”,多途径解决企业的债权及存货积压、滞销等问题,控制、转移风险,对于企业具有重要意义。本文以“两金占比”为基础,以“两金压降”工作为目标,采用案例研究法,将中铁项目部作为研究对象。结合 2017 至 2019 年的真实数据,得出了项目部“两金占比”存在合理性的结论。但是,中铁公司下设的项目部仍然存在施工前期缺乏对投标文件的谨慎思考,未对客户进行资信调查;公司的财务信息共享平台不完善,各部门、公司之间掌握数据不及时、不准确;项目竣工收尾期间,人员流动性大,缺乏与业主之间的交流,可能存在验工计价滞后等问题。这些问题说明了公司存在潜在风险。结合项目部的特殊性质、组织结构等共性,本文提出通过保理融资、质押贷款、票据贴现、资产证券化等多途径转移风险。通过控制“两金”占比,转移风险,有利于提高项目部资金周转率,有助于形成良好的资金链,提高运营水平;为促进企业内部形成良性竞争,提供案例参考。 关键词:施工企业; 项目部; 两金占比; 两金压降; 财务风险AbstractIn recent years, the domestic economic growth rate is slowing down, the construction enterprise scale is expanding, "two gold" has become the focus of this industry. As two important parts of the current assets of enterprises, many enterprises have the situation that "the proportion of two gold deposits" is too high. This increases the capital turnover pressure of the enterprise, affects the quality of operation, and easily leads to the rupture of the capital chain, which is not conducive to the long-term development of the enterprise. Therefore, it is of great significance for enterprises to control the proportion of "two gold pieces", solve the problems of creditor's rights, overstock and unsalable in many ways, and control and transfer risks.Based...