基于 plc 的钻床电气控制系统摘要:本设计旨在研究常用于加工的 Z3040 钻床电控系统的设计问题。目的是实现工作过程:按下启动按钮,工件夹紧,夹紧后压力继电器打开,两个钻头同时开始工作。当到达两个限位开关设定深度时,两个钻头同时上升,并在上升到两个限位开关设定的起始位置时停止上升。在两个位置就位后,工件旋转一定角度,限位为 ON,计数器的当前值增加 1.旋转完成后,再次钻出第二个孔。钻完所有孔后,计数器的当前值等于设置的数值。释放工件时的值,当释放到位时,限位开关打开,系统返回初始位置。传统的继电器 - 接触器电气控制系统存在电路复杂,可靠性差,故障诊断和故障排除的问题。由于 PLC 电气控制系统与继电器 - 接触器电气控制系统相比,具有结构简单,编程方便,调试周期短,更加可靠,抗干扰能力强,故障率低,对工作环境要求低等优点。制定了可编程序控制器改造 Z3040 钻床电气控制系统的设计方案,完成了电气控制系统硬件和软件的设计,其中包 PLC 机型的选 择、I/O 端口的分配、I/O 硬件接线图的绘制、PLC 的 SFC 图和梯形图程序的设计,由于没有实物,还进行了仿真电路设计。对 PLC 控制钻床的工作过程作了详细阐述, 论述了采用 PLC 取代传统继电器一接触器电气控制系统从而提高机床工作性能的方法,给出了相应的控制原理图。关键词:可编程控制器;钻床;电气控制系统;梯形图Abstract: This design is to study the design problem of the electric control system of Z3040 drilling machine commonly used in machining. The aim is to realize the working process: press the start button, the workpiece is clamped, the pressure relay is ON after clamping, and the two drill bits start working at the same time. When the depth is set by the two limit switches, the two drills go up at the same time, and stop ascending when going up to the starting position set by the two limit switches. After both positions are in place, the workpiece is rotated by a certain angle, the limit is ON, and the current value of the counter is increased by 1. After the rotation is finished, the second hole is drilled...