建设工程技术与计量土建知识点凡事预则立、不预则废目录第一章ﻩ工程地质.．.......．..．..．....．...．.．．...........．.......．.．．．......．.．.....．．..．........．...．．......．.．．.......．...........．.．．..．．.．.．...．.....．.．...１第一节岩体的特征...．．.............．.......．.....．.....．.．........．.．..．......．.....．..．．..．..........．..．.....．．...．.....．..．......．.....．....．..1第二节ﻩ地下水的特征与类型．.．..．...．.............．.．...．．．.．.．....．.......．.......．......．．.....．．....．...．．..．...．..........．....．..．．....9第三节ﻩ常见工程地质问题及其处理方法.......．.....．.．.．．.．..．.．..........．.....．....．．...．．．．...．．...．.......．.．...．............１０第四节ﻩ工程地质对建设工程的影响..．............．...．...．......．.．....．．.．....．．．．....．.．．．.....．....．..．...........．...............14第二章工程构造.．...．.．．.......．.....．..．．.......．.......．．.......．.......．.............．．...........．.．．.....．..．..．..．.．..．．..．....．.．．.....．....．.....．..16第一节工业与民用建筑工程的分类、组成及构造.．.．....．．..........．..．..................．．．...．...．..．...．.．．....．......．.．．.16一、工业与民用建筑工程的分类及应用．..........．...．.．...．........．...．.............．...．．.......．.......．........．．....．..16二、民用建筑构造....．..．．．...．．..．．...．.....．.．.．.．．.．...............．．.．．..．...．.．..．..．..．....．.......．.....．......．..．...．..．.．．．.．.．...17三、工业建筑构造.．.．．.......．.．..．.．...．.．.．.．.......．..．....．．..．．...．..．.............．..........．．．．.．.．．．．..．．...．．..．...．......．..．....26第二节道路、桥梁、涵洞工程的分类、组成及构造．．．．....．..........．.........．.....．..．...........．..............．．．．..29一、道路分类及组成...．...．..................．．.....．．....．..．．.....．.．...．..．..............．..．..．.．..．.．..．.....．..．.．...．....．..．．....．２9二、桥梁工程....．............．．...．.....．．...．........．．．．...．.....．..．..........．....．..．..．.．......．.．..．．....．．．．..．．.．.．.．．..........．．....3２三、涵洞.．．...．.．...．.．.....．．...．．..．.．..．.......．.．....．.........．...．.．.......．..．．.．．.．.....．...．..．...．.．．.．.......．.....．.．..．．.．...........．3６第三节ﻩ地下工程的分类、组成及构造.．.．..．..．．..．...．．..．．......．....．...．.........．..．．．....．..．.．...．..．....．.．.．.．..．．.....．．..３7一、地下工程的分类.......．....．...．...．．...．...．...．.....．．..．............．....．..．.．.．....．.......．..............．.....．.．......．..．....37二、主要地下工程组成及构造．．.．..．...．....．.．．.........．...．.......．.....．..．.........．．.．.．．..．．...．．.........．．.．..．．..．.．......３７第三章工程材料...．....................．..........．.....．.............．.．....．．.．..．.．.．........．....．...．....．．.........．.....．.....．..．.．...．.......．...3９第一节建筑钢材.．..．..．.．．.......．..．...．....．．．.．.．...．...．．.．..．..........．..．.．.......．.．．.......．....．..．....．.．....．．....．．.．．．...．.．.．....３9第二节ﻩ木材..．．.．．．.．..．.．．...．．．...．.．.．........．．．．.......．....．.........
