【关键词】新课程标准/演讲/辩论/教学设计英语演讲与辩论是英语语言综合能力的体现。随着英语风行全球及国际间往来的频繁,人们用英语发表演说或进行辩论的机会越来越多:正式的学术报告,外国友人的宴会,各级各类的演讲与辩论比赛,等等。英语演讲与辩论是学生必须掌握的基本技能,理应在学校教育中受到重视。《普通高中英语课程标准》(实验)在语言技能目标(八级)中有这样的表述:“能经过准备就一般话题作3钟演讲。”九级的目标描述是:“能经过准备就一些专题作5-10分钟演讲,并回答有关提问。”而且,讲演与辩论作为语言应用类,也已被列为高中任意选修课之一。英语演讲与辩论不仅是一个选修课模块,也可作为常规课堂教学的一种方法,用以训练学生的口语表达能力。把英语演讲与辩论作为一种教学方法应用于课堂教学,教学设计如下:辩论主题:Isitrightorwrongtouseanimalsinexperiments?教学目标:1、引导学生就“动物实验”话题做发挥性语言表述,强化语言知识。2、指导学生明确英语辩论的特点、技巧,提高他们的思维应变能力。教学难点:以“辩论”的操练形式强化学生的英语思维能力,在公众场合的听说能力及临场应变能力。Teachingproceduresdesign:Step1WarmingupI.Providethedebatetopic.II.Dividethestudentsintotwogroups:thepositiveandthenegativeaccordingtotheirownchoices.III.Helpstudentscollectmaterialsingroups.IV.Makethefirstdraftoftheirdebate,thedesignoftheirdebate,thestrategies,andstandardsforassessment,andsoon.A、Thefirstaffirmativespeakermust:definethetopic;presenttheaffirmative’steamline;beginsargumentsagainstthenegativeside.B、Thefirstnegativemust:acceptorrejectthedefinition;presentthenegativeteamline;rebutsomeofthemainpointsofthefirstaffirmativespeaker;presentsstrongnegativearguments.C、Thesecondaffirmativemust:reaffirmtheaffirmative’steamline;rebutalltheremainingpointsofthenegative’scase;presentasummaryoftheaffirmative’scase;roundoffthedebatefortheaffirmative.D、Thesecondnegativemust:reaffirmthenegative’steamline;rebutalltheremainingpointsoftheaffirmative’scase;presentasummaryofthenegative’scase.Step2CarryoutthedebatingSomeofthearguments:I.Positive:Itisrighttouseanimalsinexperiments.Arguments:1、Animaltestinghashelpedtodevelopmedicinesagainstmanydiseases.Doctorscanbecomemoreskilledfromworkingonanimals.2、Humanlifeismoreimportantthananimallife.Millionsofanimalsarekilledforfoodeveryyear.Usinganimalsformedicalscienceismuchmoreimportant.3、Fewanimalsfeelanypain.Theygetpainkillersandiftheexperimentdoesnotwork,theyarekilledbeforetheyfeelpain.II.Negative:Itiswrongtouseanimalsinexperiments.Arguments:1、Millionsofanimalsdieinexperimentsthatarenotsuccessful.Doctorscanlearnthesamethingsfromwatchingotherdoctorsorvideos.2、Animalshavethesamerightsashumanbeings.Animalsarestillusedtotestcleaningproducts,skincreamsandshampoos.Therearealreadymanysuchproducts;wedon’tneedmoreofthem.3、Canweknowtheydon’tfeelpain?Wehavenorighttokillthem.Step3commentingOfferingcommentsaboutthedebateaccordingtothestandardswediscussed.Step4SummarizingWhathaveyoulearnedinthislesson?Step5HomeworkWriteashortpassageaboutthedebatetopic,presentingyourownopinionandyourargumentsorreasons.设计反思:演讲与辩论不同于一般的口语交际,有其特殊性,教师必须更加灵活地控制课堂,以便最大限度地发挥学生现有的语言交际能力,同时也为他们创造更多的学习机会,克服各种障碍,积极参与。教师也应努力营造一种宽容,友善的课堂气氛,使学生的演讲与辩论活动不受到正确或错误的评判。此外,教师还应积极引导,鼓励学生的主动参与,使每个学生在活动中都能得到锻炼。要以学生为主体,教师作活动的设计者、学生目标的引导者和学习群体的协调者。同时,教师也要提高自身的素质,不仅要有扎实的英语专业知识、熟练的专业技能、较强的课堂组织能力,还要有演讲与辩论的示范能力,掌握新课程理念不断改进教学方法。