一、when, while 和 as 1.When 既可引导一个持续动作,也可引导一个短暂动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。当主句是将来时,从句的时态用现在时。(when 在实际中用得最多) I told my children when Lincoln was your age he walked twelve miles to school everyday. But my son said, “That’s nothing. When he was your age, he was president.” 我告诉我的孩子:当林肯你那么大岁数时他每天走 12 英里去学校,我儿子说,“那没什么,当他你那么大岁数时已经当总统了”。 There''''s a side to President Reagan that people don''''t know. When he was a young man, he read complete works of Shakespeare. Of course, when Reagan was young, Shakespeare hadn’t written all that much. 里根总统还有一面人们并不知道,年轻时他曾读过莎士比亚全集——当然里根年轻时莎士比亚还没写那么多。 注:讽刺里根读书少,岁数大。 当 when 引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,而且其主语和主句的主语一致,其标语又是一个名词,就可以以 as 引导的省略句来代替 when 引导的从句。如: As a young man, he read complete works of Shakespeare. 他年轻时读过莎士比亚全集。 When the game is finished, the king and the pawn[卒] go into to the same box. 游戏结束时,国王和士兵进入同一个盒子。 注:人生就象一场游戏,游戏结束时,亿万富翁也好,平头百姓也好都进入一样大小的棺材(或骨灰盒)。Finish 为短暂动作,从句动作先于主句动作。 场景再现:在筹集善款的晚会上,可以这么调侃: How noisy an audience can be when you ask for quiet ____ and how quiet it can be when you ask for money. (多么令人惊奇啊,)当你要求安静时听众乱烘烘的——当你要钱时全场一片寂静。 2.While 引导的动作必须是持续性的,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如: Plumber(水暖工): I’m sorry I was late. Man: While we were waiting for you, I taught my wife how to swim. 水暖工:很抱歉我来晚了。 男人:我们等你的时候,我教我太太学游泳。 3.As 引导一个持续动作,多用于主句和从句的动作同时发生。如: A man ate each night ...