1 新概念英语一总结练习七 被动语态 【复习】 一、总述： 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice)和被动语态（The Passive Voice).主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 二、被动语态的形式 1) 常用时态的被动语态的构成： 被动语态的基本形式为助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词，即 be done。 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在 be 的变化上，其形式与系动词 be 的变化形式完全一样。以 give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： am / is / are + given 一般过去时： was / were +given 一般将来时： shall / will +be+ given 过去进行时： was / were + being + given 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given 过去完成时： had + been + given 现在完成时： have / has + been + given 将来完成时： shall / will + have been + given 过去将来时： should / would +be+ given 现在完成进行时：have/has been being done 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加 not 构成。 Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。 3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？ How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？ 三、被动语态使用范围 谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。 动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。 1. Some stamps were stolen last week. 2. The PRC was founded on October 1, 1949. 3. Football is played in most middle schools. 四、主动语态与被动语态的转换 1．主语+谓语+宾语 练习：将下列各句改为被动语态。 He plants trees in spring. Tom will clean the room tomorrow. They make shoes in that factory. 2 ...
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